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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

407 questions · 418 findings · 14 reviews · Endodontics and dental trauma

No studies found 104 · 24.9%GRADE not reported 201 · 48.1%Very low 61 · 14.6%Low 41 · 9.8%Moderate 11 · 2.6%High 0 · 0%

Sodium hypochlorite 5% vs Sodium hypochlorite 5% with proteolytic enzyme

Mean change in health-related quality of life or participant-expressed satisfaction with the procedure · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2.5% to 5.25% vs Chlorhexidine, 0.2% to 2% (solution or gel)

Change in periapical radiolucency (radiography or CBCT), up to 1 year after treatment · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Sodium hypochlorite 1.3% with MTAD final rinse vs Sodium hypochlorite 1.3% with normal saline final rinse

Proportion of participants or samples with positive bacterial growth culture, up to 72 hours after the procedure · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…
1 finding from 1 review

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2.5% to 5.25% vs Sodium hypochlorite 1%

Proportion of participants with moderate to severe pain up to 6 hours after the procedure · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Sodium hypochlorite 1.3% with MTAD final rinse vs Sodium hypochlorite 1.3% with normal saline final rinse

Change in periapical radiolucency (radiography or CBCT), up to 1 year after treatment · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Sodium hypochlorite 5.25% vs Sodium hypochlorite 5.25% with hydrogen peroxide 3%

Proportion of participants with moderate to severe pain 72 hours to 14 days after the procedure · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…

Sodium hypochlorite 5.25% showed no clear difference in proportion of participants with moderate to severe pain 72 hours to… compared with sodium hypochlorite 5.25% with hydrogen peroxide 3%; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Ultrasonic instrumentation used alone (any ultrasonic device designed specifically for root canal treatment and capable of the active or passive removal of dentine within the root canal) vs Hand instrumentation used alone (files and reamers used manually)

Outcome not reported · People over 18 years of age with single or multiple permanent teeth with a completely formed apex and no evidence of internal resorption,…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Hand instrumentation in conjunction with (as an adjunct to) an ultrasonic device designed specifically for root canal treatment and capable of the active or passive removal of dentine within the root canal vs Hand instrumentation used alone (files and reamers used manually)

Outcome not reported · People over 18 years of age with single or multiple permanent teeth with a completely formed apex and no evidence of internal resorption,…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Conditioning and sealing with an adhesive resin (smear-removing bonding system) vs Conventional calcium hydroxide lining

Maintenance of pulp vitality (freedom from pulpal breakdown) up to 36 months · Healthy adults with asymptomatic posterior permanent teeth with deep caries and a vital (non-exposed) pulp requiring restoration
1 finding from 1 review
  • Whitworth 2005: 602 teeth randomised; 39 emergency recalls over the 36 months after restoration, with pulp breakdown associated with 16 teeth. The authors concluded that "dentists should be confident that pulps will be…
    1 study · 602 participants
    GRADE not reported

Glycerrhetinic acid/antibiotic mixture vs Calcium hydroxide (CH)

Clinical success (survival free of symptoms) at 24 months · Adults with asymptomatic teeth with vital carious pulp exposures
1 finding from 1 review
  • Shovelton 1971 (Analysis 1.1): 275 teeth followed for 2 years (235 at 6 months, 160 at 12 months, 85 analysed at 24 months). Success rates 50% to 80%. Ledermix and calcium hydroxide had the highest success rates,…
    1 study · 275 participants
    GRADE not reported

Prefabricated metal post and core (Category II) vs Metal custom-cast post and core (Category I)

Outcome not reported · Participants with permanent endodontically-treated (root-filled) teeth for which a post is indicated to retain the final restoration

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ledermix (corticosteroid/antibiotic pulp-capping cement) vs Calcium hydroxide (CH)

Clinical success (survival free of symptoms) at 24 months · Adults with asymptomatic teeth with vital carious pulp exposures
1 finding from 1 review
  • Shovelton 1971 (Analysis 1.1): 275 teeth followed for 2 years (235 at 6 months, 160 at 12 months, 85 analysed at 24 months). Success rates 50% to 80%. Ledermix and calcium hydroxide had the highest success rates,…
    1 study · 275 participants
    GRADE not reported

Ledermix (corticosteroid/antibiotic pulp-capping cement) vs Glycerrhetinic acid/antibiotic mixture

Clinical success (survival free of symptoms) at 24 months · Adults with asymptomatic teeth with vital carious pulp exposures
1 finding from 1 review
  • Shovelton 1971 (Analysis 1.1): 275 teeth followed for 2 years (235 at 6 months, 160 at 12 months, 85 analysed at 24 months). Success rates 50% to 80%. Ledermix and calcium hydroxide had the highest success rates,…
    1 study · 275 participants
    GRADE not reported

Metal post of one alloy type vs Metal post of a different alloy type

Outcome not reported · Participants with permanent endodontically-treated (root-filled) teeth for which a post is indicated to retain the final restoration

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Potassium nitrate/dimethyl isosorbide/polycarboxylate cement (KNO3/DMI/PCa) vs Potassium nitrate/polycarboxylate cement (KNO3/PCa)

Clinical success (absence of periapical pathology, tenderness to pressure and fistula formation) at 24 months · Adults with asymptomatic teeth with vital carious pulp exposures
1 finding from 1 review
  • Hodosh 2003 (Analysis 3.1): all 18 patients receiving KNO3/DMI/PCa responded favourably (0/18 developed clinical symptoms) versus 9/17 in the KNO3/PCa group; symptomatic teeth required endodontic therapy or extraction.…
    1 study · 35 participants
    GRADE not reported

Cast post and core with a diaphragm vs Cast post and core without a diaphragm

Outcome not reported · Participants with permanent endodontically-treated (root-filled) teeth for which a post is indicated to retain the final restoration

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Calcium hydroxide cement (Dycal) vs Zinc oxide and eugenol (ZOE)

Clinical symptoms at 12 months · Adults (aged 20 to 60 years, mean 27) with deep carious lesions in permanent teeth (indirect or direct pulp capping, or complete caries…
1 finding from 1 review
  • Pulp management for caries in adults: maintaining pulp vitality 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
    12 months · Complete caries removal
    Analysis 2.2 (clinical symptoms at 12 months following complete caries removal, Dycal vs Cavitec). Fitzgerald 1991: 151 teeth in 55 patients (analysis at tooth level, not patient level); substantial attrition (11 teeth…
    1 study · 151 participants
    GRADE not reported

Calcium hydroxide (CH) vs Zinc oxide and eugenol (ZOE)

Clinical success (survival free of symptoms) at 24 months · Adults with asymptomatic teeth with vital carious pulp exposures
1 finding from 1 review
  • Shovelton 1971 (Analysis 1.1): 275 teeth followed for 2 years (235 at 6 months, 160 at 12 months, 85 analysed at 24 months). Success rates 50% to 80%. Ledermix and calcium hydroxide had the highest success rates,…
    1 study · 275 participants
    GRADE not reported

Life (calcium hydroxide pulp-capping material) vs Zinc oxide and eugenol (ZOE)

Clinical symptoms at 12 months · Adults (aged 20 to 60 years, mean 27) with deep carious lesions in permanent teeth (indirect or direct pulp capping, or complete caries…
1 finding from 1 review
  • Pulp management for caries in adults: maintaining pulp vitality 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
    12 months · Complete caries removal
    Analysis 2.2 (clinical symptoms at 12 months following complete caries removal, Life vs Cavitec). Fitzgerald 1991: 151 teeth in 55 patients (analysis at tooth level, not patient level); substantial attrition (11 teeth…
    1 study · 151 participants
    GRADE not reported

Life (calcium hydroxide pulp-capping material) vs Dycal (calcium hydroxide pulp-capping material)

Clinical symptoms at 12 months · Adults (aged 20 to 60 years, mean 27) with deep carious lesions in permanent teeth (indirect or direct pulp capping, or complete caries…
3 findings from 1 review
  • Pulp management for caries in adults: maintaining pulp vitality 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
    12 months · Complete caries removal
    Analysis 2.2 (clinical symptoms at 12 months following complete caries removal, Life vs Dycal). Fitzgerald 1991: 151 teeth in 55 patients (analysis at tooth level, not patient level); substantial attrition (11 teeth…
    1 study · 151 participants
    GRADE not reported
  • Pulp management for caries in adults: maintaining pulp vitality 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
    12 months · Indirect pulp capping
    Analysis 2.1 (clinical symptoms at 12 months following indirect pulp capping, Life vs Dycal). Fitzgerald 1991: 151 teeth in 55 patients (analysis at tooth level, not patient level); substantial attrition (11 teeth lost…
    1 study · 151 participants
    GRADE not reported
  • Pulp management for caries in adults: maintaining pulp vitality 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
    12 months · Direct pulp capping
    Analysis 2.3 (clinical symptoms at 12 months following direct pulp capping, Life vs Dycal). Fitzgerald 1991: 151 teeth in 55 patients (analysis at tooth level, not patient level); substantial attrition (11 teeth lost…
    1 study · 151 participants
    GRADE not reported