What do systematic reviews say?

Pelvic + low‐back pain: any exercises + usual prenatal care vs usual prenatal care

Pelvic + low‐back pain: any exercises + usual prenatal care probably leads to lower number of women who reported LBPP‐related sick leave. compared with usual prenatal care (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for preventing and treating low‐back and pelvic pain during pregnancy 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.76 [0.62, 0.94]
  2 studies · 1062 participants
  Moderate

Parenteral nutrition with alanyl‐glutamine, protein, fat, carbohydrates and branched‐chain amino acids vs 5% dextrose and normal saline

It is very uncertain whether parenteral nutrition with alanyl‐glutamine, protein, fat,… changes 1‐year‐survival compared with 5% dextrose and normal saline (very low certainty).

• Nutritional interventions for liver‐transplanted patients 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.29 [5e-04, 4.03]
  1 study · 43 participants
  Very low

Parenteral nutrition with alanyl‐glutamine, protein, fat, carbohydrates and branched‐chain amino acids vs 5% dextrose and normal saline

It is very uncertain whether parenteral nutrition with alanyl‐glutamine, protein, fat,… changes 3‐year‐survival compared with 5% dextrose and normal saline (very low certainty).

• Nutritional interventions for liver‐transplanted patients 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.76 [0.18, 3.18]
  1 study · 43 participants
  Very low

Test‐based attendance vs routine isolation after contact with a SARS‐CoV‐2 positive person

It is very uncertain whether test‐based attendance changes rates of any PCR‐positive SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (over 13‐week compared with routine isolation after contact with a SARS‐CoV‐2‐positive person (very low certainty).

• Workplace interventions to reduce the risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection outside of healthcare settings 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.35 [0.82, 2.21]
  1 study · 24027 participants
  Very low

Prednisone vs placebo or supportive treatment

Prednisone showed no clear difference in persistent kidney disease at any time after treatment compared with placebo or supportive treatment (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for preventing and treating kidney disease in IgA vasculitis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.74 [0.42, 1.32]
  5 studies · 746 participants
  Moderate

Prednisone vs placebo or supportive treatment

Prednisone showed no clear difference in children with any continuing kidney disease at 3 months compared with placebo or supportive treatment (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for preventing and treating kidney disease in IgA vasculitis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.83 [0.46, 1.52]
  4 studies · 655 participants
  Moderate
• Interventions for preventing and treating kidney disease in IgA vasculitis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.98 [0.7, 1.36]
  3 studies · 487 participants
  High

Prednisone vs placebo or supportive treatment

Prednisone showed no clear difference in children with any continuing kidney disease at 6 months compared with placebo or supportive treatment (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for preventing and treating kidney disease in IgA vasculitis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.51 [0.24, 1.11]
  3 studies · 379 participants
  Moderate

Prednisone vs placebo or supportive treatment

Prednisone showed no clear difference in children with any continuing kidney disease at 12 months compared with placebo or supportive treatment (low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing and treating kidney disease in IgA vasculitis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.06 [0.38, 2.91]
  3 studies · 455 participants
  Low
• Interventions for preventing and treating kidney disease in IgA vasculitis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.39 [0.75, 2.59]
  2 studies · 287 participants
  Moderate

Topical aminocaproic acid vs placebo

Topical aminocaproic acid showed no clear difference in secondary hemorrhage at any time point compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Medical interventions for traumatic hyphema 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.48 [0.2, 1.1]
  2 studies · 131 participants
  Low

Systemic tranexamic acid vs control

Systemic tranexamic acid may leads to lower secondary hemorrhage at any time point compared with control (low certainty).

• Medical interventions for traumatic hyphema 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.33 [0.21, 0.53]
  7 studies · 754 participants
  Low

Systemic aminocaproic acid vs placebo

Systemic aminocaproic acid may leads to lower secondary hemorrhage at any time point compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Medical interventions for traumatic hyphema 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.28 [0.13, 0.6]
  6 studies · 330 participants
  Low

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs vitamin C

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for chronic kidney disease in people with sickle cell disease 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Insulin analogues vs biphasic insulin

It is very uncertain whether insulin analogues changes any adverse events other than hypoglycaemia compared with biphasic insulin (very low certainty).

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.83 [0.44, 1.56]
  2 studies · 500 participants
  Very low

Culturally and literacy adapted audio‐/visual education without personal feedback vs another culturally and literacy adapted audio‐/visual education without personal feedback

• Interventions for improving health literacy in migrants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 152 participants
  Very low

H2 receptor antagonists vs placebo

H2 antagonists showed no clear difference in leaving the study early: for any reason compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Pharmacological interventions for prevention of weight gain in people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.07 [0.72, 1.57]
  2 studies · 189 participants
  Low

Monoamine modulators vs placebo

Monoamine modulators showed no clear difference in leaving the study early: for any reason compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Pharmacological interventions for prevention of weight gain in people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.05 [0.56, 1.94]
  3 studies · 115 participants
  Low

Topiramate vs placebo or no treatment

Topiramate showed no clear difference in leaving the study early: for any reason compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

• Pharmacological interventions for prevention of weight gain in people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.09 [0.85, 1.41]
  2 studies · 132 participants
  Low

Metformin vs placebo or no treatment

It is very uncertain whether metformin changes leaving the study early: for any reason compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

• Pharmacological interventions for prevention of weight gain in people with schizophrenia 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.02 [0.25, 4.13]
  4 studies · 137 participants
  Very low

C1 esterase inhibitor vs placebo or active control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for the long‐term prevention of hereditary angioedema attacks 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Plasma‐derived C1 esterase inhibitor vs placebo or active control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for the long‐term prevention of hereditary angioedema attacks 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found