Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

2,805 questions · 2,912 findings · 307 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 706 · 24.2%GRADE not reported 133 · 4.6%Very low 786 · 27%Low 696 · 23.9%Moderate 474 · 16.3%High 117 · 4%

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Incidence of LRTI · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation showed no clear difference in LRTI incidence Mean episodes per child per year compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.99 [0.92, 1.06]
11 studies · 27540 participants
Low

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Bitot's spots incidence · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation probably leads to lower bitot's spots incidence compared with placebo or usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.42 [0.33, 0.53]
5 studies · 1063278 participants
Moderate

Vitamin A vs placebo or usual care

Night blindness incidence · children aged between 6 months and 5 years

Vitamin A supplementation probably leads to lower night blindness incidence compared with placebo or usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in children from six months to five years of age 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.32 [0.21, 0.5]
2 studies · 22972 participants
Moderate

Child feeding interventions vs no intervention

Short‐term impact (< 12 months) child vegetable intake · children aged 5 years and under

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children aged five years and under 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
19 studies · 2140 participants
Low

Child nutrition education interventions vs no intervention

Short‐term impact (< 12 months) child fruit and vegetable intake · children aged 5 years and under

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children aged five years and under 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 292 participants
Low

Child nutrition education interventions vs no intervention

Cost or cost effectiveness ‐ not reported · children aged 5 years and under

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children aged five years and under 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Child nutrition education interventions vs no intervention

Unintended adverse events ‐ not reported · children aged 5 years and under

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children aged five years and under 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Child feeding interventions vs no intervention

Cost‐effectiveness ‐ not reported · children aged 5 years and under

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children aged five years and under 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Child feeding interventions vs no intervention

Short‐term impact (< 12 months) unintended adverse events · children aged 5 years and under

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children aged five years and under 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 39 participants
Very low

Parent nutrition education interventions vs no intervention

Short‐term impact (< 12 months) child fruit and vegetable intake · children aged 5 years and under

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children aged five years and under 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 3050 participants
Very low

Parent nutrition education interventions vs no intervention

Cost‐effectiveness · children aged 5 years and under

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children aged five years and under 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 389 participants
Very low

Parent nutrition education interventions vs no intervention

Short‐term impact (< 12 months) unintended adverse events · children aged 5 years and under

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children aged five years and under 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 343 participants
Very low

Multicomponent interventions vs no intervention

Short‐term impact (< 12 months) child fruit and vegetable intake · children aged 5 years and under

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children aged five years and under 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 2961 participants
Moderate

Multicomponent interventions vs no intervention

Cost‐effectiveness ‐ not reported · children aged 5 years and under

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children aged five years and under 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Multicomponent interventions vs no intervention

Short‐term impact (< 12 months) unintended adverse events ‐ not reported · children aged 5 years and under

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children aged five years and under 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention vs control

Sedentary time · community‐dwelling adults under 60 years of age

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions outside the workplace for reducing sedentary behaviour in adults under 60 years of age 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention vs control

Self‐report TV viewing time · community‐dwelling adults under 60 years of age

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions outside the workplace for reducing sedentary behaviour in adults under 60 years of age 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention vs control

Device‐measured MVPA · community‐dwelling adults under 60 years of age

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions outside the workplace for reducing sedentary behaviour in adults under 60 years of age 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention vs control

Self‐report light PA · community‐dwelling adults under 60 years of age

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions outside the workplace for reducing sedentary behaviour in adults under 60 years of age 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention vs control

Adverse events and symptoms · community‐dwelling adults under 60 years of age

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions outside the workplace for reducing sedentary behaviour in adults under 60 years of age 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found