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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,852 questions in 128 reviews · Effective Practice and Organisation of Care
current versionsNo studies 557 · 30.1%Ungraded 53 · 2.9%Very low 446 · 24.1%Low 476 · 25.7%Moderate 255 · 13.8%High 65 · 3.5%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Home‐based record combined with other interventions vs routine care Adverse events · children aged 1 year Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Digital register vs routine care Proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.98 [0.89, 1.09] | 2 studies · 328 participants | Moderate |
Digital register vs routine care Proportion of children who received all recommended vaccines by 2 years of age · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.03 [0.88, 1.2] | 1 study · 205 participants | Low |
Digital register vs routine care Proportion of children who received the vaccine under study (BCG) · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.98 [0.92, 1.04] | 1 study · 205 participants | Low |
Digital register vs routine care Proportion of children who received the vaccine under study (OPV3) · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.06 [0.97, 1.17] | 1 study · 205 participants | Low |
Digital register vs routine care Proportion of children who received the vaccine under study (measles) · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.06 [0.97, 1.17] | 1 study · 205 participants | Low |
Digital register vs routine care Proportion of children who received the vaccine under study (HBV3) · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.98 [0.89, 1.07] | 1 study · 205 participants | Low |
Digital register vs routine care Proportion of children under 5 years of age fully immunised with all scheduled vaccines · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Digital register vs routine care Occurrence of vaccine‐preventable diseases · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Health education vs routine care Proportion of children who received the vaccine under study (OPV3) · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.08 [1.04, 1.11] | 1 study · 851 participants | Low |
Digital register vs routine care Cost of the intervention · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Digital register vs routine care Adverse events · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs routine care Proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age (phone call/SMS) · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.12 [1, 1.25] | 6 studies · 3869 participants | Low |
Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs routine care Proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age (SMS + monetary incentive) · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.01 [0.98, 1.03] | 1 study · 766 participants | Low |
Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs routine care Proportion of children who received all recommended vaccines by 2 years of age (phone call/SMS only) · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.06 [0.99, 1.12] | 5 studies · 10414 participants | Low |
Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs routine care Proportion of children who received all recommended vaccines by 2 years of age (SMS + monetary incentive) · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.09 [1.02, 1.16] | 1 study · 766 participants | Low |
Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs routine care Proportion of children who received the vaccine under study ‐ BCG (phone call/SMS only) · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.98 [0.82, 1.18] | 1 study · 748 participants | Low |
Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs routine care Proportion of children who received the vaccine under study ‐ BCG (SMS + monetary incentive) · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.84, 1.2] | 1 study · 766 participants | Low |
Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs routine care Proportion of children who received the vaccine under study ‐ OPV3 (phone call/SMS only) · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.99 [0.94, 1.05] | 2 studies · 1069 participants | Moderate |
Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs routine care Proportion of children who received the vaccine under study ‐ OPV3 (phone call/SMS + monetary incentive) · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.01 [0.99, 1.04] | 1 study · 766 participants | Low |
Health education vs routine care Proportion of children who received the vaccine under study (HBV3) · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.07 [1.03, 1.1] | 1 study · 851 participants | Low |
Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs routine care Proportion of children who received the vaccine under study ‐ measles/MMR (phone call/SMS + monetary incentive) · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.07 [1.01, 1.14] | 1 study · 766 participants | Low |
Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs routine care Occurrence of vaccine‐preventable diseases · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs routine care Cost of the intervention ‐ reported narratively for 2 studiesk · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Phone call/SMS with/without combination with monetary incentives vs routine care Adverse events · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Wearable reminders vs routine care Proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.02 [0.97, 1.07] | 2 studies · 1567 participants | Moderate |
Wearable reminders vs routine care Proportion of children who received all recommended vaccines by 2 years of age · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Wearable reminders vs routine care Proportion of children who received the vaccine under study ‐ BCG · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.84 [0.74, 0.94] | 1 study · 1382 participants | Low |
Wearable reminders vs routine care Proportion of children who received the vaccine under study ‐ measles · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.04 [0.97, 1.12] | 1 study · 1440 participants | Low |
Wearable reminders vs routine care Proportion of children under 5 years of age fully immunised with all scheduled vaccines · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Wearable reminders vs routine care Occurrence of vaccine‐preventable diseases · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Health education vs routine care Proportion of children who received the vaccine under study (measles vaccine) · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.25 [1.06, 1.47] | 4 studies · 3343 participants | Low |
Wearable reminders vs routine care Cost of the intervention ‐ reported narratively for 1 study · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Wearable reminders vs routine care Adverse events · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Training of health providers vs routine care Proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age · children under the age of 5 years Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Training of health providers vs routine care Proportion of children who received all recommended vaccines by 2 years of age · children under the age of 5 years Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 5.65 [3.62, 8.83] | 1 study · 420 participants | Very low |
Training of health providers vs routine care Proportion of children who received the vaccine under study (BCG) · children under the age of 5 years Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Training of health providers vs routine care Proportion of children under 5 years of age fully immunised with all scheduled vaccines · children under the age of 5 years Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Training of health providers vs routine care Occurrence of vaccine‐preventable diseases · children under the age of 5 years Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Training of health providers vs routine care Cost of the intervention · children under the age of 5 years Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Training of health providers vs routine care Adverse events · children under the age of 5 years Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Home visit vs routine care Proportion of children who received DTP3 or Penta 3 by 1 year of age · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Health education vs routine care Proportion of children who received other vaccine under study (BCG + DTP3 + OPV) · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.02 [0.96, 1.09] | 1 study · 393 participants | Low |
Home visit vs routine care Proportion of children who received all recommended vaccines by 2 years of age · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.29 [1.15, 1.45] | 1 study · 419 participants | Very low |
Home visit vs routine care Proportion of children who received the vaccine under study (OPV3) · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.22 [1.1, 1.35] | 1 study · 419 participants | Very low |
Home visit vs routine care Proportion of children who received the vaccine under study (measles) · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.26 [1.14, 1.39] | 1 study · 419 participants | Very low |
Home visit vs routine care Number of children under 5 years of age fully immunised with all scheduled vaccines ‐ not reported · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Home visit vs routine care Occurrence of vaccine‐preventable diseases · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Home visit vs routine care Cost of the intervention · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Home visit vs routine care Adverse events · children under 5 years of age Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |