Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

34 questions · 34 findings · 6 reviews · Schizophrenia

No studies found 15 · 44.1%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 10 · 29.4%Low 6 · 17.6%Moderate 3 · 8.8%High 0 · 0%

Non‐integrated models of care ‐ Assertive community treatment only/Intensive case management/Specialised case management services vs usual care

Mental state Schizophrenia symptoms on C‐DIS‐R computer program for Diagnostic Interview Schedule: average score · people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐integrated models of care ‐ Assertive community treatment only/Intensive case management/Specialised case management services vs usual care

General life satisfaction Quality of Life Interview section, scale of 1 to 7 · people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐integrated models of care ‐ Assertive community treatment only/Intensive case management/Specialised case management services vs usual care

Lost to treatment · people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse

It is very uncertain whether non‐integrated models of care ‐ Assertive community treatment… changes leaving the study early: Lost to treatment compared with standard care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐integrated models of care ‐ Assertive community treatment only/Intensive case management/Specialised case management services vs usual care

Adverse event: Death ‐ not measured · people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs chlorpromazine

Adverse effects ‐ cardiovascular ‐ hypotension · patients with psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

It is very uncertain whether HALOPERIDOL changes adverse effects: specific ‐ cardiovascular ‐ hypotension compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: b. CHLORPROMAZINE (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: f. PERPHENAZINE

Adverse effect: Specific ‐ hypotensive episode · patients with psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

It is very uncertain whether HALOPERIDOL changes adverse effect: Specific ‐ hypotensive episode compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: f. PERPHENAZINE (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Droperidol vs haloperidol

Adverse effects ‐ cardiovascular ‐ hypotension/desaturation · acute psychosis

Droperidol showed no clear difference in adverse effects ‐ cardiovascular ‐ hypotension/desaturation compared with haloperidol (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

TRIFLUOPERAZINE vs placebo

Mental state ‐ any clinically significant response in psychotic symptoms (as defined by each study) ‐ medium term Numbers of participants experiencing 'intensified symptoms' · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether TRIFLUOPERAZINE changes mental state ‐ any clinically significant response in psychotic… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CHLORPROMAZINE vs haloperidol

Adverse effects ‐ cardiovascular ‐ hypotension · patients with psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

It is very uncertain whether CHLORPROMAZINE changes adverse effects ‐ cardiovascular ‐ hypotension compared with HALOPERIDOL (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review