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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

63 questions · 63 findings · 5 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

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No studies found 12 · 19%GRADE not reported 7 · 11.1%Very low 13 · 20.6%Low 22 · 34.9%Moderate 9 · 14.3%High 0 · 0%

Psychosocial interventions vs treatment

Number of women who completed treatment ‐ total · stopping or reducing alcohol consumption during pregnancy

Summary of findings table ‐ Any psychosocial intervention showed no clear difference in number of women who completed treatment ‐ total compared with treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity models vs other models of care

Spontaneous vaginal birth · childbearing women and their infants (all) (important/secondary outcomes)

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity of care models probably leads to higher spontaneous vaginal birth (as defined by trial authors) compared with other models of care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity models vs other models of care

Caesarean section · childbearing women and their infants (all) (important/secondary outcomes)

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity of care models probably leads to lower caesarean birth compared with other models of care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity models vs other models of care

Regional analgesia (epidural/spinal) · childbearing women and their infants (all) (important/secondary outcomes)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity of care models changes regional analgesia (epidural/spinal) compared with other models of care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity models vs other models of care

Intact perineum · childbearing women and their infants (all) (important/secondary outcomes)

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity of care models showed no clear difference in intact perineum compared with other models of care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity models vs other models of care

Fetal loss at or after 24 weeks gestation · childbearing women and their infants (all) (important/secondary outcomes)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity of care models changes fetal loss at or after 24 weeks gestation compared with other models of care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity models vs other models of care

Preterm birth · childbearing women and their infants (all) (important/secondary outcomes)

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity of care models showed no clear difference in preterm birth (< 37 weeks) compared with other models of care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity models vs other models of care

Neonatal death (baby born alive at any gestation and dies within 28 days) · childbearing women and their infants (all) (important/secondary outcomes)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Midwife continuity of care models changes neonatal death (baby born alive at any gestation and dies within 28… compared with other models of care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings for IV terbutaline vs IV nitroglycerin

Umbilical artery pH < 7.0 · women with non‐reassuring FHR tracing during labour or induction of labour

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings for IV terbutaline changes umbilical artery pH < 7.0 compared with IV nitroglycerin (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings for IV terbutaline vs IV nitroglycerin

Successful intrauterine fetal resuscitation · women with non‐reassuring FHR tracing during labour or induction of labour

Summary of findings for IV terbutaline showed no clear difference in successful intrauterine fetal resuscitation compared with IV nitroglycerin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings for IV hexoprenaline vs no tocolytic agent, whilst awaiting emergency delivery

Perinatal death or severe morbidity · women for whom a decision had been made to deliver by caesarean section for suspected fetal distress based on FHR monitoring

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings for IV hexoprenaline vs no tocolytic agent, whilst awaiting emergency delivery

Fetal or neonatal mortality · women for whom a decision had been made to deliver by caesarean section for suspected fetal distress based on FHR monitoring

Summary of findings for IV hexoprenaline showed no clear difference in fetal or neonatal mortality compared with no tocolytic agent, whilst awaiting emergency delivery (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review