Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

181 questions · 198 findings · 16 reviews · Neonatal

No studies found 28 · 14.1%GRADE not reported 11 · 5.6%Very low 71 · 35.9%Low 71 · 35.9%Moderate 16 · 8.1%High 1 · 0.5%

Probiotics vs placebo

Proven sepsis (positive bacterial culture, local or systemic) · neonates born from 35 weeks of gestation who have underdone gastrointestinal surgery

Summary of findings table ‐ Probiotics showed no clear difference in proven sepsis (positive bacterial culture, local or systemic) compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Re‐feeding vs discarding gastric residuals

Mortality before hospital discharge · preterm infants

Summary of findings table ‐ Re‐feeding showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality before hospital discharge compared with discarding gastric residuals (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Re‐feeding vs discarding gastric residuals

Number of infants with feed interruption episodes (lasting ≥ 12 hours) · preterm infants

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Re‐feeding changes number of infants with feed interruption episodes lasting ≥ 12 hours compared with discarding gastric residuals (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Re‐feeding vs discarding gastric residuals

Extrauterine growth restriction at discharge · preterm infants

Summary of findings table ‐ Re‐feeding showed no clear difference in risk of extrauterine growth restriction at discharge compared with discarding gastric residuals (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Lignocaine vs benzodiazepines

Proportion of infants who achieve seizure control after maximal loading dose of ASM · neonates with EEG‐confirmed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Lignocaine changes proportion of infants who achieve seizure control after maximal… compared with benzodiazepines (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Lignocaine vs benzodiazepines

Mortality or neurodevelopmental disability at 12 months · neonates with EEG‐confirmed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Lignocaine changes mortality or neurodevelopmental disability at 12 months compared with benzodiazepines (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review