Poor (inadequate) oral hygiene (prevalence) · Children (<18 years) with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) in India
Poor oral hygiene affects about 38% of children with IDD in India (pooled prevalence 0.38, 95% CI 0.21-0.59; high heterogeneity; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of teeth with non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) in ancient skulls · Ancient/prehistoric human skulls (excavated/archaeological skeletal remains)
Non-carious cervical lesions affected a pooled proportion of about 0.4% of teeth in ancient skulls (4 studies; ungraded, very high heterogeneity I2=97.6%).
1 finding from 1 review
Participant‐reported pain relief of 50% or greater · Patients with pain after surgical removal of lower wisdom teeth (third molars) requiring bone removal or with baseline moderate to severe…
Ibuprofen (single postoperative oral dose; 200 mg to 512 mg) leads to higher proportion of patients with >50% maximum pain relief (TOTPAR) over 6… compared with paracetamol (acetaminophen) (single postoperative oral dose; 600 mg… (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of patients with >50% maximum pain relief (TOTPAR) over 2 hours · Patients with pain after surgical removal of lower wisdom teeth (third molars) requiring bone removal or with baseline moderate to severe…
Ibuprofen (single postoperative oral dose; 200 mg to 512 mg) leads to higher proportion of patients with >50% maximum pain relief (TOTPAR) over 2… compared with paracetamol (acetaminophen) (single postoperative oral dose; 600 mg… (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Patients not using rescue medication at 6 hours · Patients with pain after surgical removal of lower wisdom teeth (third molars) requiring bone removal or with baseline moderate to severe…
Ibuprofen (single postoperative oral dose; 200 mg to 512 mg) leads to higher patients not using rescue medication at 6 hours compared with paracetamol (acetaminophen) (single postoperative oral dose; 600 mg… (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Use of rescue medication · Patients with pain after surgical removal of lower wisdom teeth (third molars) requiring bone removal or with baseline moderate to severe…
Ibuprofen (single postoperative oral dose; 200 mg to 512 mg) led to higher patients using rescue medication at 8 hours compared with paracetamol (acetaminophen) (single postoperative oral dose; 600 mg…; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
RR 2.02 [1.57, 2.60]
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Adverse events · Patients with pain after surgical removal of lower wisdom teeth (third molars) requiring bone removal or with baseline moderate to severe…
1 finding from 1 review
The majority of adverse events were minor in nature and usually included nausea, vomiting, headaches and dizziness. Side effect profiles have not been included in a meta-analysis as multiple adverse events were…
7 studies
GRADE not reported
Post-treatment pain within 1 week (from first session) · People aged 10 years or above requiring root canal treatment; permanent teeth with completely formed apex and without internal resorption
Single-visit root canal treatment probably leads to higher post-treatment pain within 1 week (from first session) compared with multiple-visit root canal treatment (two or more visits) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People aged 10 years or above requiring root canal treatment; permanent teeth with completely formed apex and without internal resorption
Single-visit root canal treatment showed no clear difference in postoperative pain in the immediate postobturation period (up to 72… compared with multiple-visit root canal treatment (two or more visits) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Tooth extraction due to endodontic problems · People aged 10 years or above requiring root canal treatment; permanent teeth with completely formed apex and without internal resorption
It is very uncertain whether single-visit root canal treatment changes tooth extraction due to endodontic problems compared with multiple-visit root canal treatment (two or more visits) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Swelling or flare-up · People aged 10 years or above requiring root canal treatment; permanent teeth with completely formed apex and without internal resorption
It is very uncertain whether single-visit root canal treatment changes swelling or flare-up compared with multiple-visit root canal treatment (two or more visits) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Analgesic (painkiller) use · People aged 10 years or above requiring root canal treatment; permanent teeth with completely formed apex and without internal resorption
It is very uncertain whether single-visit root canal treatment changes analgesic (painkiller) use compared with multiple-visit root canal treatment (two or more visits) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pain at two weeks (postobturation) · People aged 10 years or above requiring root canal treatment; permanent teeth with completely formed apex and without internal resorption
Single-visit root canal treatment showed no clear difference in pain at two weeks (postobturation) compared with multiple-visit root canal treatment (two or more visits); GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Pain at 12 months or more (long-term postobturation pain) · People aged 10 years or above requiring root canal treatment; permanent teeth with completely formed apex and without internal resorption
1 finding from 1 review
Sinus or fistula formation at last · People aged 10 years or above requiring root canal treatment; permanent teeth with completely formed apex and without internal resorption
It is very uncertain whether single-visit root canal treatment changes sinus tract or fistula formation compared with multiple-visit root canal treatment (two or more visits) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Postoperative pain intensity in the immediate postobturation period (up to 72 hours), continuous (VAS) · People aged 10 years or above requiring root canal treatment; permanent teeth with completely formed apex and without internal resorption
Single-visit root canal treatment showed no clear difference in postoperative pain intensity in the immediate postobturation period… compared with multiple-visit root canal treatment (two or more visits) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pain at 1 month · People aged 10 years or above requiring root canal treatment; permanent teeth with completely formed apex and without internal resorption
1 finding from 1 review
One study (Dhyani 2022) reported pain at 1 month: 60 teeth (all vital at enrolment, mechanical NiTi), 0 events (no participant reported pain at 1 month); no meta-analysis
1 study · 60 participants
GRADE not reported
Postobturation pain at 1 week · People aged 10 years or above requiring root canal treatment; permanent teeth with completely formed apex and without internal resorption
It is very uncertain whether single-visit root canal treatment changes postobturation pain at 1 week compared with multiple-visit root canal treatment (two or more visits) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Radiological failure (periapical radiolucency) after at least 1 year · People aged 10 years or above requiring root canal treatment; permanent teeth with completely formed apex and without internal resorption
Single-visit root canal treatment showed no clear difference in radiological failure (periapical radiolucency) after at least 1 year compared with multiple-visit root canal treatment (two or more visits) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of patients with >50% maximum pain relief (TOTPAR) over 2 hours · Patients with pain after surgical removal of lower wisdom teeth (third molars) requiring bone removal or with baseline moderate to severe…
Combined paracetamol plus ibuprofen in a single tablet (e.g.… showed no clear difference in proportion of patients with >50% maximum pain relief (TOTPAR) over 2… compared with single drugs given separately (paracetamol 1000 mg or ibuprofen 400… (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review