Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

35 questions · 37 findings · 6 reviews · Acute Respiratory Infections

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No studies found 12 · 32.4%GRADE not reported 1 · 2.7%Very low 4 · 10.8%Low 13 · 35.1%Moderate 7 · 18.9%High 0 · 0%

Heliox vs oxygen 30%

Change in croup score. · children with croup

1 finding from 1 review

Heliox for croup in children 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 15 participants
Low

Heliox vs oxygen 30%

Change in respiratory rate at 20 minutes · children with croup

1 finding from 1 review

Heliox for croup in children 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 15 participants
Low

Heliox vs oxygen 30%

Heart rate · children with croup

1 finding from 1 review

Heliox for croup in children 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 15 participants
Low

Heliox vs oxygen 30%

Proportion of children hospitalised · children with croup

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Heliox for croup in children 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Heliox vs oxygen 30%

Length of hospital stay · children with croup

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Heliox for croup in children 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Heliox vs oxygen 30%

Proportion of children intubated · children with croup

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Heliox for croup in children 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Heliox vs oxygen 30%

Duration of intubation · children with croup

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Heliox for croup in children 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Heliox vs oxygen 30%

Proportion of children re‐presenting for medical care for ongoing croup symptoms (return to care) · children with croup

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Heliox for croup in children 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Heliox vs oxygen 30%

Adverse events · children with croup

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Heliox for croup in children 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Nasal prongs vs nasopharyngeal catheter

Nasal obstruction/severe mucus production · children with acute lower respiratory tract infections

Nasal prongs may leads to lower nasal obstruction/severe mucus production compared with nasopharyngeal catheter (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oxygen therapy for lower respiratory tract infections in children between 3 months and 15 years of age 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.2 [0.09, 0.44]
3 studies · 338 participants
Low

Nasal prongs vs nasopharyngeal catheter

Nose ulceration or bleeding · children with acute lower respiratory tract infections

Nasal prongs showed no clear difference in nose ulceration or bleeding compared with nasopharyngeal catheter (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oxygen therapy for lower respiratory tract infections in children between 3 months and 15 years of age 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.43 [0.18, 1.02]
3 studies · 338 participants
Low

Nasal prongs vs nasopharyngeal catheter

Fighting/discomfort in the first 24 hours · children with acute lower respiratory tract infections

Nasal prongs showed no clear difference in fighting/discomfort in the first 24 hours compared with nasopharyngeal catheter (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oxygen therapy for lower respiratory tract infections in children between 3 months and 15 years of age 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.77 [0.46, 1.28]
2 studies · 239 participants
Low

Nasal prongs vs nasopharyngeal catheter

Death during treatment · children with acute lower respiratory tract infections

Nasal prongs showed no clear difference in death during treatment compared with nasopharyngeal catheter (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oxygen therapy for lower respiratory tract infections in children between 3 months and 15 years of age 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.64 [0.35, 1.15]
3 studies · 338 participants
Low

Steam inhalation (mist) vs salbutamol

change in respiratory distress score at 30 minutes Scale from: 0 to 13. · patients with acute bronchiolitis in children up to three years of age

2 findings from 1 review

Steam inhalation or humidified oxygen for acute bronchiolitis in children up to three years of age 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 104 participants
Moderate
Steam inhalation or humidified oxygen for acute bronchiolitis in children up to three years of age 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 104 participants
Moderate

Steam (mist) vs nebulised 0.9% saline

change in respiratory distress score at 30 minutes Scale from: 0 to 13. · patients with acute bronchiolitis in children up to three years of age

2 findings from 1 review

Steam inhalation or humidified oxygen for acute bronchiolitis in children up to three years of age 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 104 participants
Moderate
Steam inhalation or humidified oxygen for acute bronchiolitis in children up to three years of age 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 104 participants
Moderate