Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

85 questions · 86 findings · 7 reviews

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No studies found 29 · 33.7%GRADE not reported 4 · 4.7%Very low 19 · 22.1%Low 26 · 30.2%Moderate 8 · 9.3%High 0 · 0%

Opioid antagonists vs placebo

Reduction of TTM symptom severityMassachusetts General Hospital Hair‐Pulling Scale (MGH‐HPS) · adults with trichotillomania

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacotherapy for trichotillomania 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 51 participants
Low

Opioid antagonists vs placebo

Dropouts due to adverse events · adults with trichotillomania

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacotherapy for trichotillomania 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Low dose naldemedine vs higher dose

Symptoms of opioid withdrawal in the medium term · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Low dose naldemedine showed no clear difference in symptoms of opioid withdrawalfin the medium termb compared with higher doses (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 112 participants
Low

Naloxone vs placebo

Symptoms of opioid withdrawal in the medium term · people with cancer and receiving palliative care with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

1 finding from 1 review

Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 17 participants
GRADE not reported

Naloxone + oxycodone prolonged release tablets vs oxycodone

Symptoms of opioid withdrawal in the medium term · people with cancer irrespective of whether they were receiving palliative care opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Naloxone + oxycodone prolonged release tablets showed no clear difference in symptoms of opioid withdrawalfin the medium termb compared with oxycodone prolonged‐released tablets (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 133 participants
Low

Methylnaltrexone vs placebo

Symptoms of opioid withdrawal in the medium term · people receiving palliative care irrespective of whether they had cancer with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Methylnaltrexone showed no clear difference in symptoms of opioid withdrawalhin the medium term compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 133 participants
Low

Lower‐dose methylnaltrexone vs higher dose

Symptoms of opioid withdrawal in the medium term · people receiving palliative care irrespective of whether they had cancer with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Methylnaltrexone lower dose showed no clear difference in symptoms of opioid withdrawal in the medium term compared with higher dose (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 102 participants
Low

Naldemedine vs placebo

Symptoms of opioid withdrawal in the medium term · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

It is very uncertain whether naldemedine changes symptoms of opioid withdrawalein the medium termc compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 0.3
1 study · 112 participants
Very low

NMDA receptor antagonists vs no treatment, placebo, oral sweet solution, or non‐pharmacological intervention

NFCS pain score during the procedure№ of infants: 112(2 RCTs) Score · procedural pain in neonates

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐opioid analgesics for procedural pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

NMDA receptor antagonists vs no treatment, placebo, oral sweet solution, or non‐pharmacological intervention

Pain score assessed up to 10 minutes after the procedure · procedural pain in neonates

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐opioid analgesics for procedural pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

NMDA receptor antagonists vs no treatment, placebo, oral sweet solution, or non‐pharmacological intervention

Episodes of bradycardia · procedural pain in neonates

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐opioid analgesics for procedural pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

NMDA receptor antagonists vs no treatment, placebo, oral sweet solution, or non‐pharmacological intervention

Episodes of apnea · procedural pain in neonates

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐opioid analgesics for procedural pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

NMDA receptor antagonists vs no treatment, placebo, oral sweet solution, or non‐pharmacological intervention

Hypotension requiring medical therapy (vasopressors or fluid boluses), occurring during the procedure · procedural pain in neonates

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐opioid analgesics for procedural pain in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Naldemedine vs placebo

Laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel movements in the short terma · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Low dose naldemedine vs higher dose

Serious adverse eventsg · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Low dose naldemedine showed no clear difference in serious adverse eventsg compared with higher doses (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.25 [0.03, 2.17]
1 study · 112 participants
Low

Low dose naldemedine vs higher dose

Adverse events · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Low dose naldemedine showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with higher doses (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.84 [0.67, 1.06]
1 study · 112 participants
Low

Naloxone vs placebo

Laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel movements in the short terma · people with cancer and receiving palliative care with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Naloxone vs placebo

Laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel movements in the medium termb · people with cancer and receiving palliative care with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Naloxone vs placebo

Laxation response: patient assessment of change in bowel status at the end of trial · people with cancer and receiving palliative care with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Naloxone vs placebo

Serious adverse events · people with cancer and receiving palliative care with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

1 finding from 1 review

Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 17 participants
Very low