Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,062 questions · 1,113 findings · 171 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 161 · 14.5%GRADE not reported 41 · 3.7%Very low 269 · 24.2%Low 321 · 28.8%Moderate 252 · 22.6%High 69 · 6.2%

Multiple vs single‐injection technique

Secondary analgesia failure: Intraoperative sedation required · Adult patients undergoing hand, wrist or forearm surgery

Multiple showed no clear difference in secondary analgesia failure ‐ intraoperative sedation required compared with single‐injection technique (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multi‐component intervention vs usual care or attention control

Falls · Older people living in the community

Multiple component interventions probably leads to lower rate of falls (falls per person years) compared with usual care or attention control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multi‐component intervention vs usual care or attention control

Number of people who experienced one or more falls · Older people living in the community

Multiple component interventions probably leads to lower number of people sustaining one or more falls compared with usual care or attention control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multi‐component intervention vs usual care or attention control

Number of people sustaining recurrent falls (defined as two or more falls in a specified time period) · Older people living in the community

Multiple component interventions showed no clear difference in number of people sustaining recurrent falls (defined as two or more… compared with usual care or attention control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multi‐component intervention vs usual care or attention control

Number of people sustaining one or more fall‐related fractures · Older people living in the community

It is very uncertain whether multiple component interventions changes number of people sustaining one or more fall‐related fractures compared with usual care or attention control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multi‐component intervention vs usual care or attention control

Number of people who experience a fall that required hospital admission · Older people living in the community

It is very uncertain whether multiple component interventions changes number of people who experience a fall that required hospital… compared with usual care or attention control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multi‐component intervention vs usual care or attention control

Number of people who experience a fall that required medical attention · Older people living in the community

Multiple component interventions showed no clear difference in number of people who experience a fall that required medical attention compared with usual care or attention control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multi‐component intervention vs exercise

Number of people who experienced one or more falls · Older people living in the community

Multiple component interventions showed no clear difference in number of people sustaining one or more falls compared with exercise (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review