Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

88 questions · 89 findings · 8 reviews · Consumers and Communication

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No studies found 27 · 30.3%GRADE not reported 9 · 10.1%Very low 16 · 18%Low 26 · 29.2%Moderate 11 · 12.4%High 0 · 0%

Summary of findings: multimedia education vs no education or usual care

Medication side effects ‐ not measured · patients taking prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications or their carers

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Multimedia educational interventions for consumers about prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings: multimedia education vs no education or usual care

Self‐efficacy Self‐efficacy for medication adherence (higher score indicates greater self‐efficacy, scale not reported) · patients taking prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications or their carers

1 finding from 1 review

Multimedia educational interventions for consumers about prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 343 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Behavioural outcome: adherence to medication Multimodal/complex interventionsb versus usual care or control · patients with various conditions or at risk of low adherence to medication or laboratory tests

1 finding from 1 review

Automated telephone communication systems for preventive healthcare and management of long‐term conditions 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 888 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Behavioural outcome: adherence to medication ATCS Plus versus control or single IVR call · patients with various conditions or at risk of low adherence to medication or laboratory tests

1 finding from 1 review

Automated telephone communication systems for preventive healthcare and management of long‐term conditions 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 2340 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Behavioural outcome: adherence to medication or composite outcome (medication adherence and rate of adverse events) ATCS Plus versus usual care · patients with various conditions or at risk of low adherence to medication or laboratory tests

1 finding from 1 review

Automated telephone communication systems for preventive healthcare and management of long‐term conditions 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 35816 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Behavioural outcome: adherence to medication or laboratory tests IVR versus control · patients with various conditions or at risk of low adherence to medication or laboratory tests

1 finding from 1 review

Automated telephone communication systems for preventive healthcare and management of long‐term conditions 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 4238362 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Behavioural outcome: adherence to medication IVR versus usual care · patients with various conditions or at risk of low adherence to medication or laboratory tests

1 finding from 1 review

Automated telephone communication systems for preventive healthcare and management of long‐term conditions 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 56140 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Behavioural outcome: adherence to medication Unidirectional ATCS versus control · patients with various conditions or at risk of low adherence to medication or laboratory tests

1 finding from 1 review

Automated telephone communication systems for preventive healthcare and management of long‐term conditions 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 107 participants
GRADE not reported

Culturally and literacy adapted medical instruction vs no health literacy intervention

Health literacy – Medication understanding Multiple measures used: Demonstration by means of correct dosage in dosing tray (0 to 5) Correct interpretation of label contents, 11 labels MUQ (score · migrants

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving health literacy in migrants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 478 participants
Low

Culturally and literacy adapted medical instruction vs no health literacy intervention

Medication adherence (continuous) · migrants

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving health literacy in migrants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 200 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Adherence to medications 12 months'

1 finding from 1 review

Adult patient access to electronic health records 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 460 participants
Low

Interventions for involving older patients with multi‐morbidity in decision‐making about their health care vs usual care

Patient enablement and engagement (b) Morisky Medication Adherence Scale at 15 months after baseline (8‐item yes‐no survey. Range of scores from 0 to 8. Lower scores suggest non‐adherence) (Morisky 2008) · older patients with multi‐morbidity

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for involving older patients with multi‐morbidity in decision‐making during primary care consultations 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1546 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Behavioural outcome: medication adherence ATCS Plus versus usual care · cancer patients

1 finding from 1 review

Automated telephone communication systems for preventive healthcare and management of long‐term conditions 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 119 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Behavioural outcome: medication adherence or use ATCS Plus versus usual care, 6‐12 months · patients with diabetes mellitus

1 finding from 1 review

Automated telephone communication systems for preventive healthcare and management of long‐term conditions 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 370 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Behavioural outcome: medication use Multimodal/complexk, ATCS Plus versus usual care or enhanced usual care (plus information) · patients with hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Automated telephone communication systems for preventive healthcare and management of long‐term conditions 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 483 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Behavioural outcome: medication use Multimodal/complex, ATCS Plus versus control (inactive IVR or self‐help booklet) · patients with tobacco dependence

1 finding from 1 review

Automated telephone communication systems for preventive healthcare and management of long‐term conditions 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1127 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Health‐related quality of life · older patients using at least 4 regular prescription medications (and/or their carers)

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving medication‐taking ability and adherence in older adults prescribed multiple medications 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Moderate

Intervention not reported

ED/Hospital admissions · older patients using at least 4 regular prescription medications (and/or their carers)

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving medication‐taking ability and adherence in older adults prescribed multiple medications 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Mortality · older patients using at least 4 regular prescription medications (and/or their carers)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving medication‐taking ability and adherence in older adults prescribed multiple medications 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Health‐related quality of life · older patients using at least 4 regular prescription medications (and/or their carers)

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving medication‐taking ability and adherence in older adults prescribed multiple medications 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low