3rd or 4th degree tears · pregnant women expecting a vaginal birth, singleton vertex presentation at term, with no medical complications
Massage probably leads to lower 3rd or 4th degree tears compared with control (hands off or care (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Episiotomy · pregnant women expecting a vaginal birth, singleton vertex presentation at term, with no medical complications
It is very uncertain whether massage changes episiotomy compared with control (hands off or care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Incidence of mastitis within 6 months postpartum · postpartum breastfeeding women
Acupoint massage probably leads to lower incidence of mastitis within 6 months postpartum) compared with routine care (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Recurrence of mastitis within 12 months postpartum · postpartum breastfeeding women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Breast abscess within 6 months postpartum · postpartum breastfeeding women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Nipple damage within 6 months postpartum · postpartum breastfeeding women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Duration of any breastfeeding · postpartum breastfeeding women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Breast pain · postpartum breastfeeding women
Acupoint massage probably leads to lower breast pain compared with routine care (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of women with adverse events · postpartum breastfeeding women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Breast pain · women with breast engorgement during lactation
1 finding from 1 review
Breast induration/hardness · women with breast engorgement during lactation
1 finding from 1 review
Breast swelling · women with breast engorgement during lactation
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Breast engorgement · women with breast engorgement during lactation
1 finding from 1 review
Maternal opinion of treatment · women with breast engorgement during lactation
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Cessation of breastfeeding, · women with breast engorgement during lactation
1 finding from 1 review
Number of women with adverse events · women with breast engorgement during lactation
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Pain · post‐caesarean pain
2 findings from 1 review
Anxiety (adverse effect, post‐intervention) · post‐caesarean pain
1 finding from 1 review
Heart rate · post‐caesarean pain
1 finding from 1 review
Vital signs ‐ respiratory rate · post‐caesarean pain
1 finding from 1 review