Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

24 questions · 30 findings · 3 reviews · Oral and maxillofacial surgery

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No studies found 4 · 13.3%GRADE not reported 11 · 36.7%Very low 3 · 10%Low 12 · 40%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Counselling (non-directive) vs usual care

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
Lupton 1968: multi-arm study; counselling arm versus usual care. No usable pain-reduction data reported and could not be combined in meta-analysis (Table 1).
1 study
GRADE not reported

CBT vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

Mental distress · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) showed no clear difference in psychological distress at follow-up compared with usual care, waiting list or no treatment (control) (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
Follow-up
MD -1.02 [-4.02, 1.98]
1 study · 101 participants
Low
Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
Treatment completion
MD 2.36 [-1.17, 5.89]
1 study · 101 participants
Low

CBT vs alternative treatment

Adverse events · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
SoF: 3 studies reported minor adverse events in the control group; 1 study reported minor adverse events in psychological therapy group; 1 study reported that there were no adverse events. Results: NCT00066937 minor…
5 studies
Very low

CBT vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

Additional physical symptoms · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
This outcome was not measured for this comparison.
Studies not reported
No studies found