Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

80 questions · 80 findings · 5 reviews

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No studies found 16 · 20%GRADE not reported 7 · 8.8%Very low 32 · 40%Low 15 · 18.8%Moderate 6 · 7.5%High 4 · 5%

Ceftriaxone vs fluoroquinolones

Time to defervescence · adults and children with enteric fever

It is very uncertain whether ceftriaxone changes time to defervescence compared with fluoroquinolones (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 2.73
3 studies · 285 participants
Very low

Ceftriaxone vs fluoroquinolones

Length of hospital stay · adults and children with enteric fever

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 47 participants
Low

Cefixime vs fluoroquinolones

Microbiological failure · adults and children with enteric fever

Cefixime showed no clear difference in microbiological failure compared with fluoroquinolones (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 4.07 [0.46, 36.41]
2 studies · 240 participants
Low

Ceftriaxone vs fluoroquinolones

Convalescent faecal carriage · adults and children with enteric fever

It is very uncertain whether ceftriaxone changes convalescent faecal carriage compared with fluoroquinolones (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.18 [0.01, 3.72]
1 study · 73 participants
Very low

Ceftriaxone vs fluoroquinolones

Serious adverse events · adults and children with enteric fever

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Cefixime vs fluoroquinolones

Relapse · adults and children with enteric fever

Cefixime may leads to higher relapse compared with fluoroquinolones (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 4.45 [1.11, 17.84]
2 studies · 220 participants
Low

Cefixime vs fluoroquinolones

Time to defervescence · adults and children with enteric fever

Cefixime may leads to higher time to defervescence compared with fluoroquinolones (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 1.74 [0.5, 2.98]
3 studies · 425 participants
Low

Cefixime vs fluoroquinolones

Length of hospital stay · adults and children with enteric fever

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Cefixime vs fluoroquinolones

Convalescent faecal carriage · adults and children with enteric fever

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Cefixime vs fluoroquinolones

Serious adverse events · adults and children with enteric fever

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Cotrimoxazole vs fluoroquinolones

Diarrhoea · patients with Shigella dysentery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Cotrimoxazole vs fluoroquinolones

Relapse ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Cotrimoxazole vs fluoroquinolones

Serious adverse events ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Cotrimoxazole vs fluoroquinolones

Other adverse events clinical criteria · patients with Shigella dysentery

It is very uncertain whether cotrimoxazole changes other adverse events clinical criteria compared with fluoroquinolones (norfloxacin) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.82 [0.12, 66.62]
1 study · 62 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Test result · people with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosisRole: an initial testIndex test: Xpert MTB/XDRThreshold for index test: an automated result…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Xpert MTB/XDR for detection of pulmonary tuberculosis and resistance to isoniazid, fluoroquinolones, ethionamide, and… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

False positivespeople incorrectly classified as having isoniazid resistance · adults with pulmonary tuberculosis irrespective of rifampicin resistance (i.e. whether or not their rifampicin resistance status was…

1 finding from 1 review

Xpert MTB/XDR for detection of pulmonary tuberculosis and resistance to isoniazid, fluoroquinolones, ethionamide, and… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 327 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Test result · adults with pulmonary tuberculosis irrespective of rifampicin resistance (i.e. whether or not their rifampicin resistance status was…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Xpert MTB/XDR for detection of pulmonary tuberculosis and resistance to isoniazid, fluoroquinolones, ethionamide, and… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

True positivespeople with fluoroquinolone resistance · adults with pulmonary tuberculosis irrespective of rifampicin resistance (i.e. whether or not their rifampicin resistance status was…

1 finding from 1 review

Xpert MTB/XDR for detection of pulmonary tuberculosis and resistance to isoniazid, fluoroquinolones, ethionamide, and… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 381 participants
High

Intervention not reported

False negativespeople incorrectly classified as not having fluoroquinolone resistance · adults with pulmonary tuberculosis irrespective of rifampicin resistance (i.e. whether or not their rifampicin resistance status was…

1 finding from 1 review

Xpert MTB/XDR for detection of pulmonary tuberculosis and resistance to isoniazid, fluoroquinolones, ethionamide, and… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 381 participants
High

Intervention not reported

True negativespeople without fluoroquinolone resistance · adults with pulmonary tuberculosis irrespective of rifampicin resistance (i.e. whether or not their rifampicin resistance status was…

1 finding from 1 review

Xpert MTB/XDR for detection of pulmonary tuberculosis and resistance to isoniazid, fluoroquinolones, ethionamide, and… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 640 participants
Moderate