What do systematic reviews say?

Oestrogen therapy alone vs no treatment or placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Oestrogen therapy for treating pelvic organ prolapse in postmenopausal women 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Oestrogen therapy alone vs no treatment or placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Oestrogen therapy for treating pelvic organ prolapse in postmenopausal women 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Oestrogen therapy alone vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Oestrogen therapy for treating pelvic organ prolapse in postmenopausal women 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Electrical stimulation plus drug therapy vs drug therapy alone

• Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted electrodes for overactive bladder in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Electrical stimulation plus drug therapy vs drug therapy alone

• Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted electrodes for overactive bladder in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Electrical stimulation plus drug therapy vs drug therapy alone

• Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted electrodes for overactive bladder in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 248 participants
  Low

Electrical stimulation plus behavioural therapy vs behavioural therapy alone

• Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted electrodes for overactive bladder in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Electrical stimulation plus behavioural therapy vs behavioural therapy alone

• Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted electrodes for overactive bladder in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Electrical stimulation plus behavioural therapy vs behavioural therapy alone

• Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted electrodes for overactive bladder in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 82 participants
  Very low

PFMT added to electrical stimulation vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT)

• Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted electrodes for overactive bladder in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

PFMT added to electrical stimulation vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT)

Electrical stimulation plus pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) may leads to higher participants with improvement in urgency urinary incontinence compared with PFMT alone (low certainty).

• Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted electrodes for overactive bladder in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.82 [1.44, 5.52]
  1 study · 51 participants
  Low

PFMT added to electrical stimulation vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT)

• Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted electrodes for overactive bladder in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 201 participants
  Low

Treatment of UI after radical: one active treatment vs other active intervention

Treatment of UI after radical: one active treatment showed no clear difference in adverse events PFMT + Anal EStim versus PFMT alone compared with another active treatment (low certainty).

• Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 5 [0.24, 102.3]
  1 study · 140 participants
  Low

PFMT added to vaginal cones vs vaginal cones alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

PFMT added to lifestyle intervention vs lifestyle intervention alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

PFMT added to bladder training vs bladder training alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

PFMT added to bladder training vs bladder training alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

PFMT added to vaginal cones vs vaginal cones alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

PFMT added to magnetic stimulation vs magnetic stimulation alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

PFMT added to vaginal cones vs vaginal cones alone

It is very uncertain whether PFMT added to vaginal cones changes objective measure of urine leakage (pad test) compared with vaginal cones alone (very low certainty).

• Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for urinary… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.27 [0.94, 1.71]
  1 study · 34 participants
  Very low