Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

110 questions · 147 findings · 8 reviews

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No studies found 31 · 21.1%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 32 · 21.8%Low 25 · 17%Moderate 49 · 33.3%High 10 · 6.8%

Botulinum toxin type A vs placebo

Blepharospasm‐specific severity ( · adults with blepharospasm

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxin type A therapy for blepharospasm 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Moderate

Botulinum toxin type A vs placebo

Adverse events (reported at any time) (2 RCT, 169 participants) · adults with blepharospasm

Botulinum toxin type A showed no clear difference in adverse events (reported at any time) (2 RCT, 169 participants) compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxin type A therapy for blepharospasm 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.18 [0.87, 1.6]
Studies not reported
Low

Botulinum toxin type A vs placebo

Subjective evaluation of the treatments by participants · adults with blepharospasm

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxin type A therapy for blepharospasm 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
High

Botulinum toxin type A vs placebo

Frequency of blepharospasm‐specific involuntary movements ( · adults with blepharospasm

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxin type A therapy for blepharospasm 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Botulinum toxin type A vs placebo

Health‐related quality of life · adults with blepharospasm

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxin type A therapy for blepharospasm 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Botulinum toxin type A vs placebo

Tolerability (number of dropouts; reported at any time) (2 RCT, 169 participants) · adults with blepharospasm

Botulinum toxin type A showed no clear difference in tolerability (number of dropouts; reported at any time) (2 RCT, 169… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxin type A therapy for blepharospasm 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.44 [0.31, 6.79]
Studies not reported
Moderate

Botulinum toxin type A vs placebo

Duration of effect (when effects started to wane) · adults with blepharospasm

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxin type A therapy for blepharospasm 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Botulinum toxin type A vs placebo

Number of migraine days per month: chronic migraine only · adults with migraine

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxins for the prevention of migraine in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 1497 participants
Low

Botulinum toxin type A vs other established prophylactic agent

Migraine frequency Number of attacks · adults with migraine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxins for the prevention of migraine in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Botulinum toxin type A vs other established prophylactic agent

Headache intensity (mean score) · adults with migraine

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxins for the prevention of migraine in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 46 participants
Very low

Botulinum toxin type A vs other established prophylactic agent

Global impression of disease · adults with migraine

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxins for the prevention of migraine in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 101 participants
Very low

Botulinum toxin type A vs other established prophylactic agent

Number experiencing adverse effects · adults with migraine

It is very uncertain whether botulinum toxin type A changes total number of participants experiencing an adverse event compared with other established prophylactic agent (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxins for the prevention of migraine in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.76 [0.59, 0.98]
2 studies · 114 participants
Very low

Botulinum toxin type A vs placebo

Number of migraine days per month · adults with migraine

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxins for the prevention of migraine in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 1915 participants
Very low

Botulinum toxin type A vs placebo

Number of headache days per month: chronic migraine only · adults with migraine

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxins for the prevention of migraine in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1384 participants
High

Botulinum toxin type A vs placebo

Migraine frequency Number of attacks · adults with migraine

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxins for the prevention of migraine in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 2004 participants
Low

Botulinum toxin type A vs placebo

Headache intensity (mean score) · adults with migraine

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxins for the prevention of migraine in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 209 participants
Very low

Botulinum toxin type A vs placebo

Global impression scale · adults with migraine

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxins for the prevention of migraine in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 45 participants
Very low

Botulinum toxin type A vs placebo

Number experiencing adverse effects · adults with migraine

Botulinum toxin type A probably leads to higher total number of participants experiencing an adverse event compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxins for the prevention of migraine in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.28 [1.12, 1.47]
13 studies · 3325 participants
Moderate

Botulinum toxin type A vs other established prophylactic agent

Number of migraine days per month: chronic migraine only · adults with migraine

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxins for the prevention of migraine in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 43 participants
Very low

Botulinum toxin type A vs other established prophylactic agent

Headache (frequency) · adults with migraine

1 finding from 1 review

Botulinum toxins for the prevention of migraine in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 59 participants
Very low