Exacerbations (number of people experiencing ≥ 1 exacerbations) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Indacaterol showed no clear difference in number of participants experiencing at least 1 exacerbation… compared with twice‐daily long‐acting beta2‐agonists (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Serious adverse events Adverse events · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Indacaterol showed no clear difference in serious adverse events Adverse events compared with twice‐daily long‐acting beta2‐agonists (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality Deaths · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Indacaterol showed no clear difference in mortality Deaths compared with twice‐daily long‐acting beta2‐agonists (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
FEV1 · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life: number of participants with clinically significant improvement (≥ 4 units) in SGRQ total score · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Indacaterol showed no clear difference in number of participants with a clinically significant improvement in… compared with twice‐daily long‐acting beta2‐agonists (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Improvement in symptoms: number of participants with clinically significant improvement: using TDI focal score (≥ 1 unit) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Indacaterol showed no clear difference in number of participants with a clinically significant improvement in… compared with twice‐daily long‐acting beta2‐agonists (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Exacerbations (OCS) · adults with asthma not well controlled on ICS
Long‐acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) add‐on showed no clear difference in exacerbations (OCS) compared with long‐acting beta2‐agonists (LABA) add‐on (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
AQLQ total 1 = severely impaired; 7 = not impaired at all 22 weeks · adults with asthma not well controlled on ICS
1 finding from 1 review
Serious adverse events 22 weeks · adults with asthma not well controlled on ICS
Long‐acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) add‐on showed no clear difference in serious adverse events 22 weeks compared with long‐acting beta2‐agonists (LABA) add‐on (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hospital admission (exacerbation) · adults with asthma not well controlled on ICS
It is very uncertain whether long‐acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) add‐on changes exacerbations (hospital) compared with long‐acting beta2‐agonists (LABA) add‐on (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
FEV1 · adults with asthma not well controlled on ICS
1 finding from 1 review
ACQ score Scale = 0 to 6 (0 = no impairment; 6 = maximum impairment) · adults with asthma not well controlled on ICS
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events (all) · adults with asthma not well controlled on ICS
Long‐acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) add‐on showed no clear difference in adverse events (all) compared with long‐acting beta2‐agonists (LABA) add‐on (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Outcomes (weighted · stable COPD
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Moderate‐to‐severe exacerbations (rate) · stable COPD
Triple therapy may leads to lower moderate‐to‐severe exacerbations (rate) compared with LABA/LAMA combination (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Severe exacerbations (rate) · stable COPD
Triple therapy may leads to lower severe exacerbations (rate) compared with LABA/LAMA combination (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Respiratory HRQoL measured by SGRQ, ≥ 4‐point decrease from baseline (lower scores indicate better HRQoL) · stable COPD
Triple therapy leads to higher respiratory HRQoL measured by SGRQ, ≥ 4‐point decrease from baseline… compared with LABA/LAMA combination (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pneumonia (labelled as an SAE) · stable COPD
Triple therapy probably leads to higher pneumonia (labelled as an SAE) compared with LABA/LAMA combination (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
SAEs · stable COPD
Triple therapy showed no clear difference in all‐cause SAEs compared with LABA/LAMA combination (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Symptoms of dyspnoea · stable COPD
Triple therapy probably leads to higher symptom score TDI, ≥ 1‐unit increase (lower scores indicate worse… compared with LABA/LAMA combination (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review