Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,720 questions · 15,377 findings · 900 reviews

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No studies found 3,865 · 25.1%GRADE not reported 2,291 · 14.9%Very low 3,875 · 25.2%Low 3,287 · 21.4%Moderate 1,681 · 10.9%High 378 · 2.5%

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Organisation and delivery vs usual care

Quality of life · advanced dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Palliative care interventions in advanced dementia 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 15 participants
Very low

Organisation and delivery vs usual care

Advance care planning discussion occurred · advanced dementia

It is very uncertain whether organisation and delivery changes advance care planning discussion occurred compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Palliative care interventions in advanced dementia 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.08 [1, 1.18]
1 study · 193 participants
Very low

Organisation and delivery vs usual care

Concordance with goals of care ‐ not measured · advanced dementia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Palliative care interventions in advanced dementia 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Advance care planning vs usual care

Comfort in dying ‐ not measured · advanced dementia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Palliative care interventions in advanced dementia 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Advance care planning vs usual care

Symptom management · advanced dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Palliative care interventions in advanced dementia 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 67 participants
Very low

Heparin vs placebo

Early graft thrombosis · kidney transplant recipients

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing thrombosis in solid organ transplant recipients 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Heparin vs placebo

Major bleeding events: unfractionated heparin · kidney transplant recipients

Heparin showed no clear difference in major bleeding events: unfractionated heparin compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing thrombosis in solid organ transplant recipients 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.92 [0.89, 9.56]
3 studies · 155 participants
Low

Heparin vs placebo

Major bleeding events: all heparin · kidney transplant recipients

Heparin showed no clear difference in major bleeding events: all heparin compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing thrombosis in solid organ transplant recipients 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.7 [0.89, 8.19]
3 studies · 180 participants
Low

Heparin vs placebo

Readmissions to intensive care: all heparin · kidney transplant recipients

It is very uncertain whether heparin changes readmissions to intensive care: all heparin compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing thrombosis in solid organ transplant recipients 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.68 [0.12, 3.9]
3 studies · 180 participants
Very low

Heparin vs placebo

Blood transfusion requirements · kidney transplant recipients

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing thrombosis in solid organ transplant recipients 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Heparin vs placebo

Graft and patient survival · kidney transplant recipients

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing thrombosis in solid organ transplant recipients 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Heparin vs placebo

Non‐graft thrombosis · kidney transplant recipients

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing thrombosis in solid organ transplant recipients 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Overall communication skills Different scales used by different studies: total scores vary across communication items or average score on a Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving medical students' interpersonal communication in medical consultations 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
18 studies · 1356 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Relationship building/rapport Different scales used by different studies: average empathy score across several items or average score on a Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving medical students' interpersonal communication in medical consultations 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 176 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Information gathering about patient perspectives/concerns · pre‐registration medical students

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving medical students' interpersonal communication in medical consultations 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 164 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Explanation and planning (information giving) · pre‐registration medical students

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving medical students' interpersonal communication in medical consultations 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 122 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Specific communication skills · pre‐registration medical students

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes specific communication skills (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving medical students' interpersonal communication in medical consultations 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 427 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Adverse events · pre‐registration medical students

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving medical students' interpersonal communication in medical consultations 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Overall communication skills Different scales used across studies: total scores vary across communication items or average score on a Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving medical students' interpersonal communication in medical consultations 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 502 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Empathy · pre‐registration medical students

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving medical students' interpersonal communication in medical consultations 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 66 participants
Low