Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,320 questions · 4,561 findings · 388 reviews

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No studies found 1,138 · 25%GRADE not reported 886 · 19.4%Very low 1,014 · 22.2%Low 849 · 18.6%Moderate 543 · 11.9%High 131 · 2.9%

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2.5% to 5.25% vs Chlorhexidine, 0.2% to 2% (solution or gel)

Adverse effects · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Irrigants for non‐surgical root canal treatment in mature permanent teeth 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Chlorhexidine 0.2% vs Normal saline

Proportion of participants or samples with positive bacterial growth culture, up to 72 hours after the procedure · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…

1 finding from 1 review

Irrigants for non‐surgical root canal treatment in mature permanent teeth 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
Positive bacterial cultures at end of first appointment: 65% of samples (chlorhexidine 0.2%) vs 89% (normal saline); no further data reported.
1 study
GRADE not reported

Individually designed, patient-centred preventive programme: dietary counselling (snacking timing, regular meals, fermentable carbohydrates) plus toothbrushing counselling, delivered by trained dental hygienists (a multi-intervention) vs Basic prevention offered as standard in public dental clinics

Using xylitol products more than 3 times per day · Children aged 11 to 12 years with at least one active initial caries lesion, screened in a town in Finland

Individually designed, patient-centred preventive programme: dietary… led to higher using xylitol products more than 3 times per day compared with basic prevention offered as standard in public dental clinics; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

One‐to‐one dietary interventions undertaken in a dental setting to change dietary behaviour 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
2 to 4 years
RR 1.32 [1.04, 1.68]
1 study · 497 participants
GRADE not reported

Sodium hypochlorite 5.25% vs Normal saline

Adverse effects · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Irrigants for non‐surgical root canal treatment in mature permanent teeth 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Chlorhexidine 0.2% vs Normal saline

Mean change in health-related quality of life or participant-expressed satisfaction with the procedure · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Irrigants for non‐surgical root canal treatment in mature permanent teeth 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2.5% to 5.25% vs Sodium hypochlorite 1%

Sodium hypochlorite 5% (also 2.5%) led to lower proportion of participants or samples with positive bacterial growth… compared with sodium hypochlorite 1%; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Irrigants for non‐surgical root canal treatment in mature permanent teeth 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
RR 0.22 [0.051, 0.91]
1 study · 111 participants
GRADE not reported

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2.5% to 5.25% vs Chlorhexidine, 0.2% to 2% (solution or gel)

Proportion of participants with moderate to severe pain 72 hours to 14 days after the procedure · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Irrigants for non‐surgical root canal treatment in mature permanent teeth 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Sodium hypochlorite 5.25% vs Normal saline

Proportion of participants with new or worsening signs/symptoms of inflammation requiring a revisit, up to 14 days after the procedure · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Irrigants for non‐surgical root canal treatment in mature permanent teeth 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Extraction of the primary maxillary canine vs no intervention

Change in the sagittal position of the upper first molars · Children with palatally displaced maxillary canines (at least 80% aged 10 to 13 years); trials with craniofacial syndromes or anomalies…

1 finding from 1 review

Extraction of primary (baby) teeth for unerupted palatally displaced permanent canine teeth in children 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
At least 6 months follow-up after the intervention
Change in the sagittal position of the upper first molars (Baccetti 2008 only): average sagittal displacement was 2.65 mm in the extraction-only group and 2.32 mm in the untreated control group (0.24 mm in the…
1 study
GRADE not reported

Sodium hypochlorite 1% with chlorhexidine 2% final rinse vs Sodium hypochlorite 1% with normal saline final rinse

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Irrigants for non‐surgical root canal treatment in mature permanent teeth 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Sodium hypochlorite 5% vs Sodium hypochlorite 5% with proteolytic enzyme

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Irrigants for non‐surgical root canal treatment in mature permanent teeth 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Extraction of the primary maxillary canine vs no intervention

Prevalence of eruption/non-eruption of the palatally displaced permanent canine (successful eruption) · Children with palatally displaced maxillary canines (at least 80% aged 10 to 13 years); trials with craniofacial syndromes or anomalies…

1 finding from 1 review

Extraction of primary (baby) teeth for unerupted palatally displaced permanent canine teeth in children 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
At least 6 months follow-up after the intervention
Narrative summary (data not poolable, not GRADE-rated). Leonardi 2004: successful eruption of the permanent canine 50% in the extraction-only group, which was not significantly greater than the success rate in…
2 studies · 70 participants
GRADE not reported

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2.5% to 5.25% vs Chlorhexidine, 0.2% to 2% (solution or gel)

Change in periapical radiolucency (radiography or CBCT), up to 1 year after treatment · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Irrigants for non‐surgical root canal treatment in mature permanent teeth 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Sodium hypochlorite 1.3% with MTAD final rinse vs Sodium hypochlorite 1.3% with normal saline final rinse

1 finding from 1 review

Irrigants for non‐surgical root canal treatment in mature permanent teeth 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
Vital bacterial counts decreased after the active intervention (MTAD) but live bacteria were present in all of the samples; no further usable data reported.
1 study
GRADE not reported

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2.5% to 5.25% vs Sodium hypochlorite 1%

Proportion of participants with moderate to severe pain up to 6 hours after the procedure · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Irrigants for non‐surgical root canal treatment in mature permanent teeth 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Sodium hypochlorite 1.3% with MTAD final rinse vs Sodium hypochlorite 1.3% with normal saline final rinse

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Irrigants for non‐surgical root canal treatment in mature permanent teeth 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Sodium hypochlorite 5.25% vs Sodium hypochlorite 5.25% with hydrogen peroxide 3%

Sodium hypochlorite 5.25% showed no clear difference in proportion of participants with moderate to severe pain 72 hours to… compared with sodium hypochlorite 5.25% with hydrogen peroxide 3%; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Irrigants for non‐surgical root canal treatment in mature permanent teeth 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
RR 1.22 [0.4, 4.2]
1 study · 167 participants
GRADE not reported

Secondary alveolar bone grafting performed at one timing (e.g. early secondary grafting) vs Secondary alveolar bone grafting performed at a different / optimal timing (e.g. late secondary grafting)

Outcome not reported · Patients greater than 5 years of age with unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and/or palate involving the alveolar process (complete or…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Secondary bone grafting for alveolar cleft in children with cleft lip or cleft lip and palate 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
Furthermore, no RCTs were found to study the optimal timing ... with secondary bone grafting surgery. This systematic review has not been able to report all the objectives described in the protocol.
0 studies
No studies found

Fluoride supplementation (tablets, drops, lozenges or chewing gum) vs No fluoride supplement (placebo or no treatment)

Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or less

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride supplements (tablets, drops, lozenges or chewing gums) for preventing dental caries in children 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
24-36 months
PF 0.24 [0.16, 0.33]
3 studies · 1240 participants
Moderate

Fluoride supplementation (tablets, drops, lozenges or chewing gum) vs No fluoride supplement (placebo or no treatment)

Caries increment in deciduous (primary) teeth/surfaces (dmf index) · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or less

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride supplements (tablets, drops, lozenges or chewing gums) for preventing dental caries in children 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
24-36 months
PF 0.73 [0.46, 0.99]
1 study · 115 participants
Very low