Intervention not reported
Information gathering about patient perspectives/concerns · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Explanation and planning (information giving) · pre‐registration medical students
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Empathy Different scales used by different studies: average empathy score across several items or average score on a 5‐ to 9‐point Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Specific communication skills · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Adverse events · pre‐registration medical students
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Overall communication skills Different scales used by different studies: total scores vary across communication items or average score on a Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Empathy · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Relationship building/Rapport · pre‐registration medical students
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Information gathering about patient perspectives/concerns · pre‐registration medical students
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Explanation and planning (information giving) · pre‐registration medical students
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Specific communication skills · pre‐registration medical students
The intervention may leads to lower specific communication skills (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Adverse events · pre‐registration medical students
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Relationship building/rapport Different scales used by different studies: average empathy score across several items or average score on a Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Information gathering about patient perspectives/concerns Different scales used by different studies, some dichotomous outcomes Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Explanation and planning (information giving) Different scales used by different studies, some dichotomous outcomes Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Specific communication techniques Different scales used by different studies, some dichotomous outcomes Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
The intervention may leads to lower specific communication techniques Different scales used by different… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Adverse events · pre‐registration medical students
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Overall communication skills Different scales used by different studies: total scores vary across communication items or average score on a Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Empathy Different scales used by different studies: average empathy score across several items or average score on a 5‐ to 9‐point Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · participants with cirrhosis and with previous oesophagogastric variceal bleeding
It is very uncertain whether portosystemic shunts changes all‐cause mortality compared with endoscopic intervention with or without medical treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review