Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,078 questions · 1,098 findings · 33 reviews · Skin

No studies found 396 · 36.1%GRADE not reported 89 · 8.1%Very low 181 · 16.5%Low 183 · 16.7%Moderate 196 · 17.9%High 53 · 4.8%

Tacrolimus 0.1% vs vehicle

Primary: investigator‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms · people with moderate to severe nickel sulphate‐induced allergic contact dermatitis based on clinical history (hand eczema) and proven by…

Topical calcineurin inhibitors: tacrolimus 0.1% ointment probably leads to higher primary: investigator‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms compared with vehicle (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Corticosteroid creams/ointments: clobetasol propionate foam vs vehicle foam

Primary: participant‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms · participants with moderate to severe hand eczema

Corticosteroid creams/ointments: clobetasol propionate foam probably leads to higher primary: participants with self‐rated good/excellent control of… compared with vehicle foam (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tacrolimus 0.1% vs vehicle

Primary: participant‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms Not measured · people with moderate to severe nickel sulphate‐induced allergic contact dermatitis based on clinical history (hand eczema) and proven by…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Tacrolimus 0.1% vs vehicle

Primary: adverse events ‐ burning/itching at application site · people with moderate to severe nickel sulphate‐induced allergic contact dermatitis based on clinical history (hand eczema) and proven by…

Topical calcineurin inhibitors: tacrolimus 0.1% ointment showed no clear difference in primary: adverse events ‐ burning/itching at application site compared with vehicle (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tacrolimus 0.1% vs vehicle

Secondary: investigator‐rated reduction in severity ‐ Not measured · people with moderate to severe nickel sulphate‐induced allergic contact dermatitis based on clinical history (hand eczema) and proven by…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral immunosuppressants: oral cyclosporin vs topical betamethasone dipropionate

Primary: investigator‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms · people with hand eczema, continuously for 6 months, significant disability, inadequate response to conventional treatment, confirmation by…

Oral immunosuppressants: oral cyclosporin showed no clear difference in primary: investigator‐ rated good/excellent control of symptomsb compared with topical betamethasone dipropionate (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral immunosuppressants: oral cyclosporin vs topical betamethasone dipropionate

Primary: participant‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms · people with hand eczema, continuously for 6 months, significant disability, inadequate response to conventional treatment, confirmation by…

Oral immunosuppressants: oral cyclosporin showed no clear difference in primary: participant‐rated good/excellent control of symptomsb compared with topical betamethasone dipropionate (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral immunosuppressants: oral cyclosporin vs topical betamethasone dipropionate

Number of participants with any adverse event (primary tolerability outcome) · people with hand eczema, continuously for 6 months, significant disability, inadequate response to conventional treatment, confirmation by…

Oral immunosuppressants: oral cyclosporin showed no clear difference in primary: adverse events ‐ at least 1 adverse event compared with topical betamethasone dipropionate (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 30 mg vs placebo

Primary: investigator‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms · people with moderate to severe chronic hand eczema

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 30 mg leads to higher primary: investigator‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 30 mg vs placebo

Primary: participant‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms · people with moderate to severe chronic hand eczema

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 30 mg leads to higher primary: participant‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 30 mg vs placebo

Adverse effects: headache · people with moderate to severe chronic hand eczema

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 30 mg leads to higher primary: adverse events ‐ headache Folluw‐up: 48 weeks to 72 weeks compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Corticosteroid creams/ointments: clobetasol propionate foam vs vehicle foam

Number of participants with any adverse event (primary tolerability outcome) · participants with moderate to severe hand eczema

Corticosteroid creams/ointments: clobetasol propionate foam showed no clear difference in primary: adverse events ‐ at least 1 adverse event compared with vehicle foam (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 30 mg vs placebo

Secondary: investigator‐rated reduction in severity in TLSSc and mTLSSd · people with moderate to severe chronic hand eczema

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 10 mg vs placebo

Primary: investigator‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms · people with moderate to severe chronic hand eczema

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 10 mg leads to higher primary: investigator‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 10 mg vs placebo

Primary: participant‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms · people with moderate to severe chronic hand eczema

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 10 mg leads to higher primary: participant‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 10 mg vs placebo

Primary outcome 3: Adverse events · people with moderate to severe chronic hand eczema

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 10 mg showed no clear difference in primary: all adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review