Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

467 questions · 471 findings · 38 reviews · Airways

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No studies found 35 · 7.4%GRADE not reported 27 · 5.7%Very low 31 · 6.6%Low 138 · 29.3%Moderate 178 · 37.8%High 62 · 13.2%

Intervention not reported

Change in FEV1 (L) at endpoint · children with chronic asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 526 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Change in morning PEF (L/min) at endpoint · children with chronic asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 1283 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Total number of adverse events · children with chronic asthma

The intervention showed no clear difference in total number of adverse events (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.01 [0.92, 1.1]
6 studies · 1254 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Number of participants with exacerbations requiring hospitalisation · children with chronic asthma

The intervention showed no clear difference in number of participants with exacerbations requiring hospitalisation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.74 [0.9, 3.36]
6 studies · 1292 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Serious adverse events · children with chronic asthma

The intervention showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.17 [0.75, 1.85]
16 studies · 4022 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Total number of withdrawals · children with chronic asthma

The intervention may leads to lower total number of withdrawals (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.8 [0.67, 0.94]
23 studies · 4374 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Change in FEV1 (L) at endpoint · children with chronic asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 1942 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Change in morning PEF (L/min) at endpoint · children with chronic asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
16 studies · 3934 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Total number of adverse events · children with chronic asthma

The intervention showed no clear difference in total number of adverse events (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.04 [0.98, 1.1]
15 studies · 3284 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Number of participants with exacerbations requiring hospitalisation · children with chronic asthma

The intervention showed no clear difference in number of participants with exacerbations requiring hospitalisation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.9 [0.65, 5.54]
4 studies · 1008 participants
Moderate

Stopping LABA vs continuing use of LABA+ICS

Asthma control · adults with asthma well controlled on LABA and ICS

1 finding from 1 review

Stopping long‐acting beta₂‐agonists (LABA) for adults with asthma well controlled by LABA and inhaled corticosteroids 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 645 participants
Moderate

Stopping LABA vs continuing use of LABA+ICS

Serious adverse events 17 weeks · adults with asthma well controlled on LABA and ICS

Stopping LABA showed no clear difference in serious adverse events 17 weeks compared with continuing use of LABA+ICS (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Stopping long‐acting beta₂‐agonists (LABA) for adults with asthma well controlled by LABA and inhaled corticosteroids 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.82 [0.28, 2.42]
5 studies · 1342 participants
Moderate

Stopping LABA vs continuing use of LABA+ICS

Asthma‐related quality of life (MCID) · adults with asthma well controlled on LABA and ICS

1 finding from 1 review

Stopping long‐acting beta₂‐agonists (LABA) for adults with asthma well controlled by LABA and inhaled corticosteroids 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 359 participants
Moderate

Stopping LABA vs continuing use of LABA+ICS

Exacerbation: hospital 17 weeks · adults with asthma well controlled on LABA and ICS

1 finding from 1 review

Stopping long‐acting beta₂‐agonists (LABA) for adults with asthma well controlled by LABA and inhaled corticosteroids 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 1342 participants
Low

Stopping LABA vs continuing use of LABA+ICS

Adverse events (all) · adults with asthma well controlled on LABA and ICS

Stopping LABA showed no clear difference in adverse events (all) compared with continuing use of LABA+ICS (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Stopping long‐acting beta₂‐agonists (LABA) for adults with asthma well controlled by LABA and inhaled corticosteroids 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.83 [0.66, 1.05]
5 studies · 1339 participants
Moderate

Stopping LABA vs continuing use of LABA+ICS

Withdrawal (all‐cause) · adults with asthma well controlled on LABA and ICS

Stopping LABA probably leads to higher withdrawal (all) compared with continuing use of LABA+ICS (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Stopping long‐acting beta₂‐agonists (LABA) for adults with asthma well controlled by LABA and inhaled corticosteroids 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.95 [1.47, 2.58]
5 studies · 1352 participants
Moderate

LAMA add‐on vs ICS alone

Health‐related quality of life (AQLQ)Scale from: 1‐7 (higher is better) · adults with asthma not well controlled on ICS

1 finding from 1 review

Long‐acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) added to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) versus the same dose of ICS alone for… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 1713 participants
High

LAMA add‐on vs ICS alone

All‐cause serious adverse events 24 weeks · adults with asthma not well controlled on ICS

LAMA add‐on showed no clear difference in all‐cause serious adverse events 24 weeks compared with ICS alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Long‐acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) added to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) versus the same dose of ICS alone for… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.6 [0.23, 1.57]
5 studies · 2562 participants
Low

LAMA add‐on vs ICS alone

Hospital admission (exacerbation) · adults with asthma not well controlled on ICS

LAMA add‐on showed no clear difference in exacerbations requiring hospital admission 24 weeks compared with ICS alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Long‐acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) added to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) versus the same dose of ICS alone for… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.42 [0.12, 1.47]
5 studies · 2562 participants
Moderate

LAMA add‐on vs ICS alone

Change in baseline trough FEV1 · adults with asthma not well controlled on ICS

1 finding from 1 review

Long‐acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) added to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) versus the same dose of ICS alone for… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 2459 participants
High