What do systematic reviews say?

Summary of findings table ‐ Corticosteroids plus standard care vs placebo or usual care

• Systemic corticosteroids for the treatment of COVID‐19: Equity‐related analyses and update on evidence 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 447 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Corticosteroids plus standard care vs placebo or usual care

• Systemic corticosteroids for the treatment of COVID‐19: Equity‐related analyses and update on evidence 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 598 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Corticosteroids plus standard care vs placebo or usual care

• Systemic corticosteroids for the treatment of COVID‐19: Equity‐related analyses and update on evidence 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 64 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in B3: Caesarean section – an all women compared with single course (moderate certainty).

• Repeat doses of prenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth for improving neonatal health outcomes 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.03 [0.98, 1.09]
  8 studies · 4266 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

• Repeat doses of prenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth for improving neonatal health outcomes 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 485 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Repeat doses of prenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth for improving neonatal health outcomes 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Repeat doses of prenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth for improving neonatal health outcomes 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in C1: Total deaths (after randomisation) up to early childhood compared with single course (moderate certainty).

• Repeat doses of prenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth for improving neonatal health outcomes 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.06 [0.81, 1.4]
  5 studies · 4565 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in C2: Neurodevelopmental impairment at early childhood compared with single course (high certainty).

• Repeat doses of prenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth for improving neonatal health outcomes 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.97 [0.85, 1.1]
  4 studies · 3616 participants
  High

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in C3: Survival free of neurodevelopmental impairment at early childhood compared with single course (high certainty).

• Repeat doses of prenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth for improving neonatal health outcomes 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.01 [0.98, 1.04]
  4 studies · 3845 participants
  High

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in C4: Survival free of major neurodevelopmental impairment atearly… compared with single course (moderate certainty).

• Repeat doses of prenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth for improving neonatal health outcomes 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.02 [0.98, 1.05]
  3 studies · 1816 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in D1: Total deaths (after randomisation) up to mid‐ to later childhood compared with single course (moderate certainty).

• Repeat doses of prenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth for improving neonatal health outcomes 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.93 [0.69, 1.26]
  2 studies · 2874 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in D2: Neurocognitive impairment atmid‐ to later childhood compared with single course (low certainty).

• Repeat doses of prenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth for improving neonatal health outcomes 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.96 [0.72, 1.29]
  1 study · 897 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in D3: Survival free of neurocognitive impairment atmid‐ to later… compared with single course (moderate certainty).

• Repeat doses of prenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth for improving neonatal health outcomes 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.01 [0.95, 1.08]
  1 study · 963 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in D4: Survival free of major neurocognitive impairment atmid‐ to later… compared with single course (moderate certainty).

• Repeat doses of prenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth for improving neonatal health outcomes 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1 [0.97, 1.04]
  2 studies · 2682 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in B1: Maternal death – all women compared with single course (low certainty).

• Repeat doses of prenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth for improving neonatal health outcomes 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.32 [0.01, 7.81]
  1 study · 437 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in B2: Maternal sepsis – an all women compared with single course (moderate certainty).

• Repeat doses of prenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth for improving neonatal health outcomes 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.13 [0.93, 1.39]
  8 studies · 4666 participants
  Moderate

A boost of inhaled corticosteroids vs usual care

A boost of inhaled corticosteroids showed no clear difference in exacerbations compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for autumn exacerbations of asthma in children 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.86 [0.32, 2.3]
  1 study · 173 participants
  Moderate

A boost of inhaled corticosteroids vs usual care

A boost of inhaled corticosteroids showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for autumn exacerbations of asthma in children 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.67 [0.34, 1.33]
  1 study · 176 participants
  Moderate

Corticosteroids vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found