Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

461 questions · 475 findings · 59 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 112 · 23.6%GRADE not reported 13 · 2.7%Very low 66 · 13.9%Low 140 · 29.5%Moderate 112 · 23.6%High 32 · 6.7%

Carbamazepine vs phenytoin

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) All participants Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Carbamazepine showed no clear difference in time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment)All… compared with phenytoin (time to treatment failure) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carbamazepine vs phenytoin

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Carbamazepine showed no clear difference in time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment)… compared with phenytoin (time to treatment failure) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carbamazepine vs phenytoin

Time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) All participants Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Carbamazepine showed no clear difference in time to first seizure after randomisationAll participants Range of compared with phenytoin (secondary outcomes) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carbamazepine vs phenytoin

Time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Carbamazepine showed no clear difference in time to first seizure after randomisation Subgroup: focal onset… compared with phenytoin (secondary outcomes) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carbamazepine vs phenytoin

Time to achieve 12‐month remissionAll participants Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Carbamazepine showed no clear difference in time to achieve 12‐month remissionAll participants Range of compared with phenytoin (secondary outcomes) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carbamazepine vs phenytoin

Time to achieve 12‐month remission (seizure‐free period) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Carbamazepine showed no clear difference in time to achieve 12‐month remissionSubgroup: focal onset seizures… compared with phenytoin (secondary outcomes) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topiramate vs carbamazepine

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) All participants ‐ adjusted by seizure type Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Topiramate showed no clear difference in time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) All… compared with carbamazepine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topiramate vs carbamazepine

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Topiramate probably leads to higher time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment)Subgroup:… compared with carbamazepine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topiramate vs carbamazepine

Time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) All participants Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Topiramate showed no clear difference in time to first seizure after randomisation All participants Range of compared with carbamazepine (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topiramate vs carbamazepine

Time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Topiramate showed no clear difference in time to first seizure after randomisation Subgroup: focal onset… compared with carbamazepine (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topiramate vs carbamazepine

Time to 12‐month remission ‐ all participants Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Topiramate leads to lower time to 12‐month remission of seizures All participants Range of compared with carbamazepine (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topiramate vs carbamazepine

Time to achieve 12‐month remission (seizure‐free period) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Topiramate leads to lower time to 12‐month remission of seizures Subgroup: focal onset… compared with carbamazepine (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lamotrigine vs carbamazepine

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) All participants Range of · adults and children with focal onset or generalised onset seizures (generalised tonic‐clonic with or without other generalised seizure…

Summary of findings: lamotrigine probably leads to lower time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) All… compared with carbamazepine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lamotrigine vs carbamazepine

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with focal onset or generalised onset seizures (generalised tonic‐clonic with or without other generalised seizure…

Summary of findings: lamotrigine probably leads to lower time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment)… compared with carbamazepine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review