What do systematic reviews say?

DPP4i vs placebo

DPP4i showed no clear difference in stroke (fatal or non‐fatal) compared with placebo (high certainty).

• Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1 [0.87, 1.14]
  5 studies · 42588 participants
  High

DPP4i vs placebo

DPP4i showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with placebo (high certainty).

• Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.03 [0.96, 1.11]
  6 studies · 47968 participants
  High

DPP4i vs placebo

DPP4i showed no clear difference in hospitalisation for HF compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.99 [0.8, 1.23]
  4 studies · 42334 participants
  Moderate

DPP4i vs placebo

DPP4i showed no clear difference in worsening renal function compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.08 [0.88, 1.33]
  1 study · 16492 participants
  Low

DPP4i vs placebo

DPP4i showed no clear difference in hypoglycaemia compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.11 [0.95, 1.29]
  3 studies · 25842 participants
  Moderate

DPP4i vs placebo

DPP4i probably leads to higher pancreatitis compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.63 [1.12, 2.37]
  5 studies · 47684 participants
  Moderate

DPP4i vs placebo

DPP4i showed no clear difference in fracture compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1 [0.83, 1.19]
  1 study · 16492 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Minimally invasive treatments for lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a network… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  19 studies · 1847 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• Minimally invasive treatments for lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a network… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Minimally invasive treatments for lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a network… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Minimally invasive treatments for lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a network… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Minimally invasive treatments for lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a network… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Minimally invasive treatments for lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a network… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Minimally invasive treatments for lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a network… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

• Minimally invasive treatments for lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a network… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  10 studies · 799 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes PUL (UroLift) (mixed estimate) (very low certainty).

• Minimally invasive treatments for lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a network… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.39 [0.51, 11.1]
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Intervention not reported

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes PAE (mixed estimate) (very low certainty).

• Minimally invasive treatments for lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a network… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 4.39 [1.25, 15.44]
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Intervention not reported

The intervention may leads to higher TUMT (mixed estimate) (low certainty).

• Minimally invasive treatments for lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a network… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 9.71 [2.35, 40.13]
  Studies not reported
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Minimally invasive treatments for lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a network… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Intervention not reported

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes CRFWVT (Rezūm) (pairwise) (very low certainty).

• Minimally invasive treatments for lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a network… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.36
  Studies not reported
  Very low