Presence of dry socket · Adults (>18 years) having permanent tooth extraction (predominantly mandibular third molars)
Metronidazole gel (25%, intrasocket) showed no clear difference in presence of dry socket compared with placebo gel; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Caries arrest · Children with dentine carious lesions (ICDAS 4-5) in primary teeth
A second meta-analysis reported odds ratios of 2.44 to 3.63 favouring 38% SDF over fluoride varnish/water for caries arrest (ungraded).
2 findings from 1 review
OR (caries arrest) OR 2.44-3.63 (range); 2.44 = Chu estimate including 30% SDF
3 studies
GRADE not reported
Proportion (caries arrest) 81 [68, 89]
12 studies
GRADE not reported
Self‐reported shoulder function: Croft Shoulder Disability Score (1 or more problems) · adults with minimally displaced or displaced (2‐part or 3‐part) proximal humeral fractures treated non‐surgically (5 trials)
It is very uncertain whether early changes self‐reported shoulder function: Croft Shoulder Disability Score (1… compared with delayed mobilisation (very low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Functional outcomes · (mainly older) adults with most types of displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (10 trials)
Surgical showed no clear difference in functional scoresf(higher = better outcome) compared with non‐surgical treatment (high certainty).
3 findings from 1 review
SMD 0.06
5 studies · 423 participants
High
SMD 0.1
7 studies · 552 participants
High
SMD 0.17
3 studies · 347 participants
Moderate
Quality of life: EQ‐5D (0: dead to 1: best quality of life) · (mainly older) adults with most types of displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (10 trials)
Surgical showed no clear difference in quality of life: EQ‐5D (0: dead to 1: best quality of life) compared with non‐surgical treatment (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · (mainly older) adults with most types of displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (10 trials)
Surgical showed no clear difference in mortality compared with non‐surgical treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Reoperation · (mainly older) adults with most types of displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (10 trials)
Surgical may leads to higher additional surgery (reoperation or secondary surgery) compared with non‐surgical treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events / complications ‐ Number of participants with complications · (mainly older) adults with most types of displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (10 trials)
Surgical showed no clear difference in adverse events / complications ‐ Number of participants with… compared with non‐surgical treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Self‐reported shoulder function · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
Locking plate showed no clear difference in self‐reported shoulder function: functional scoresb(higher = better… compared with locking intramedullary nail (low certainty).
3 findings from 1 review
SMD 0.15
4 studies · 227 participants
Low
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 174 participants
Low
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 101 participants
Low
Quality of life: SF‐36 (0 to 100: best outcome) · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
1 finding from 1 review
Self‐reported shoulder function · adults with minimally displaced or displaced (2‐part or 3‐part) proximal humeral fractures treated non‐surgically (5 trials)
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events: number of participants with complications · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
It is very uncertain whether locking plate changes adverse events: number of participants with complications compared with locking intramedullary nail (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Reoperation · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
It is very uncertain whether locking plate changes additional surgery (reoperation or secondary surgery) compared with locking intramedullary nail (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Self‐reported shoulder function · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
3 findings from 1 review
Quality of life: EQ‐5D (0: dead to 1: best quality of life) · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events: number of participants with complications · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
It is very uncertain whether reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) changes adverse events: number of participants with complications compared with hemiarthroplasty (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Reoperation · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life: EQ‐5D (0: dead to 1: best quality of life) · adults with minimally displaced or displaced (2‐part or 3‐part) proximal humeral fractures treated non‐surgically (5 trials)
1 finding from 1 review