It is very uncertain whether single‐dose changes re‐infection compared with short‐course (3‐7 days) antibiotics (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether single‐dose changes persistent bacteriuria compared with conventional 10‐day antibiotic treatment (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether single‐dose changes persistent symptoms compared with conventional 10‐day antibiotic treatment (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether single‐dose changes persistent bacteriuria and symptoms compared with conventional 10‐day antibiotic treatment (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether single‐dose changes recurrence compared with conventional 10‐day antibiotic treatment (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether inhaled corticosteroids changes combined outcome of mortality or BPD at 36 weeks' PMA compared with placebo (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether inhaled corticosteroids changes mortality at 36 weeks' PMA compared with placebo (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether inhaled corticosteroids changes BPD at 36 weeks' PMA compared with placebo (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether inhaled corticosteroids changes open‐label use of systemic corticosteroids compared with placebo (very low certainty).
Systemic corticosteroids (dexamethasone or hydrocortisone) leads to lower mortality at latest reported age compared with control (placebo or nothing) (high certainty).
Systemic corticosteroids (dexamethasone or hydrocortisone) probably leads to lower BPD at 36 weeks' PMA compared with control (placebo or nothing) (moderate certainty).
Systemic corticosteroids (dexamethasone or hydrocortisone) probably leads to lower mortality or BPD at 36 weeks' PMA compared with control (placebo or nothing) (moderate certainty).
Systemic corticosteroids (dexamethasone or hydrocortisone) showed no clear difference in cerebral palsy ‐ at latest reported age compared with control (placebo or nothing) (high certainty).
Systemic corticosteroids (dexamethasone or hydrocortisone) showed no clear difference in mortality or cerebral palsy ‐ at latest reported age compared with control (placebo or nothing) (high certainty).
Early systemic postnatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in mortality at latest reported age compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).
Early systemic postnatal corticosteroids probably leads to lower BPD (36 weeks' PMA) compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).
Early systemic postnatal corticosteroids leads to lower mortality or BPD at 36 weeks' PMA compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).
Early systemic postnatal corticosteroids leads to higher gastrointestinal perforation during primary hospitalisation compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).
Early systemic postnatal corticosteroids leads to higher cerebral palsy at latest reported age compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).
Early systemic postnatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in mortality or cerebral palsy at latest reported age compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).