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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,248 questions in 108 reviews · Stroke
current versionsNo studies 275 · 22%Ungraded 56 · 4.5%Very low 269 · 21.6%Low 349 · 28%Moderate 216 · 17.3%High 83 · 6.7%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Other calcium antagonists vs placebo Death at the end of · people with acute ischemic stroke Calcium antagonists for acute ischemic stroke (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.84 [0.45, 1.56] | 3 studies · 147 participants | Low |
Other calcium antagonists vs placebo Recurrence of stroke at the end of · people with acute ischemic stroke Calcium antagonists for acute ischemic stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 19 participants | Low |
Other calcium antagonists vs placebo Adverse events during treatment period · people with acute ischemic stroke Calcium antagonists for acute ischemic stroke (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.19 [0.52, 2.72] | 1 study · 160 participants | Low |
Other calcium antagonists vs placebo Hypotension during treatment period · people with acute ischemic stroke Calcium antagonists for acute ischemic stroke (2019) · Cochrane | RR 5.5 [0.3, 101.28] | 1 study · 19 participants | Low |
Other calcium antagonists vs placebo Mean systolic blood pressure during or at end of treatment · people with acute ischemic stroke Calcium antagonists for acute ischemic stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Calcium antagonists vs placebo Recurrence of stroke at the end of · people with acute ischemic stroke Calcium antagonists for acute ischemic stroke (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.93 [0.56, 1.54] | 9 studies · 2460 participants | Moderate |
Calcium antagonists vs placebo Adverse events during treatment period · people with acute ischemic stroke Calcium antagonists for acute ischemic stroke (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.18 [0.81, 1.74] | 13 studies · 5095 participants | Moderate |
Calcium antagonists vs placebo Hypotension during treatment period · people with acute ischemic stroke Calcium antagonists for acute ischemic stroke (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.43 [0.61, 3.38] | 6 studies · 1667 participants | Moderate |
Calcium antagonists vs placebo Mean systolic blood pressure during or at end of treatment · people with acute ischemic stroke Calcium antagonists for acute ischemic stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 630 participants | Low |
Nimodipine vs placebo Death or dependency at end of · people with acute ischemic stroke Calcium antagonists for acute ischemic stroke (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.06 [0.97, 1.14] | 19 studies · 6093 participants | Moderate |
Nimodipine vs placebo Death at the end of treatment · people with acute ischemic stroke Calcium antagonists for acute ischemic stroke (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.02 [0.88, 1.19] | 16 studies · 5163 participants | Moderate |
Attention training vs control Subjective measures – · people with attention deficits following stroke Cognitive rehabilitation for attention deficits following stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 53 participants | Very low |
Attention training vs control Subjective measures – · people with attention deficits following stroke Cognitive rehabilitation for attention deficits following stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 99 participants | Very low |
Attention training vs control Objective global measures · people with attention deficits following stroke Cognitive rehabilitation for attention deficits following stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Attention training vs control Alertness – · people with attention deficits following stroke Cognitive rehabilitation for attention deficits following stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 31 participants | Very low |
Attention training vs control Selective attention – · people with attention deficits following stroke Cognitive rehabilitation for attention deficits following stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 99 participants | Very low |
Attention training vs control Sustained attention – · people with attention deficits following stroke Cognitive rehabilitation for attention deficits following stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 66 participants | Very low |
Attention training vs control Divided attention – · people with attention deficits following stroke Cognitive rehabilitation for attention deficits following stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 99 participants | Very low |
Attention training vs control Functional abilities – · people with attention deficits following stroke Cognitive rehabilitation for attention deficits following stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 66 participants | Very low |
Attention training vs control Mood – · people with attention deficits following stroke Cognitive rehabilitation for attention deficits following stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 99 participants | Very low |
Attention training vs control Quality of life – · people with attention deficits following stroke Cognitive rehabilitation for attention deficits following stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 99 participants | Very low |
Attention training vs control Objective global measures · people with attention deficits following stroke Cognitive rehabilitation for attention deficits following stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Attention training vs control Alertness – · people with attention deficits following stroke Cognitive rehabilitation for attention deficits following stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 136 participants | Low |
Attention training vs control Selective attention – · people with attention deficits following stroke Cognitive rehabilitation for attention deficits following stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 223 participants | Moderate |
Attention training vs control Sustained attention – · people with attention deficits following stroke Cognitive rehabilitation for attention deficits following stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 169 participants | Low |
Attention training vs control Divided attention – · people with attention deficits following stroke Cognitive rehabilitation for attention deficits following stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 165 participants | Low |
Attention training vs control Functional abilities – · people with attention deficits following stroke Cognitive rehabilitation for attention deficits following stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 75 participants | Very low |
Attention training vs control Mood (depression) – · people with attention deficits following stroke Cognitive rehabilitation for attention deficits following stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 109 participants | Low |
Attention training vs control Quality of life – · people with attention deficits following stroke Cognitive rehabilitation for attention deficits following stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 103 participants | Low |
Interventions vs conservative management Death or dependence · adults with a brain arteriovenous malformation Interventions for treating brain arteriovenous malformations in adults (2019) · Cochrane | RR 2.53 [1.28, 4.98] | 1 study · 213 participants | Moderate |
Interventions vs conservative management Symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage · adults with a brain arteriovenous malformation Interventions for treating brain arteriovenous malformations in adults (2019) · Cochrane | RR 6.75 [2.07, 21.96] | 1 study · 218 participants | Moderate |
Interventions vs conservative management Epileptic seizure · adults with a brain arteriovenous malformation Interventions for treating brain arteriovenous malformations in adults (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.14 [0.63, 2.06] | 1 study · 217 participants | Moderate |
Interventions vs conservative management Symptomatic radiation necrosis ‒ not reported · adults with a brain arteriovenous malformation Interventions for treating brain arteriovenous malformations in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Interventions vs conservative management Quality of life ‒ not reported · adults with a brain arteriovenous malformation Interventions for treating brain arteriovenous malformations in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Stem cell transplantation vs conventional treatments Neurologic impairment (measured by NIHSS; 0 to 42; higher = worse) · ischemic stroke Stem cell transplantation for ischemic stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 319 participants | Low |
Stem cell transplantation vs conventional treatments Disability (measured by mRS; 0 to 6; higher = worse) · ischemic stroke Stem cell transplantation for ischemic stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 371 participants | Very low |
Stem cell transplantation vs conventional treatments Dependency (measured by BI; 0 to 100; higher = better) · ischemic stroke Stem cell transplantation for ischemic stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 170 participants | Very low |
Stem cell transplantation vs conventional treatments Any cause of death · ischemic stroke Stem cell transplantation for ischemic stroke (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.66 [0.39, 1.14] | 6 studies · 371 participants | Low |
Stem cell transplantation vs conventional treatments Severe worsening of neurological deficit · ischemic stroke Stem cell transplantation for ischemic stroke (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.39 | 4 studies · 321 participants | Low |
Stem cell transplantation vs conventional treatments Infections · ischemic stroke Stem cell transplantation for ischemic stroke (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.8 [0.54, 1.17] | 4 studies · 321 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: Restitutive interventions vs control Functional ability in activities of daily living · stroke survivors with visual field defects Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: Compensative interventions vs control Extended activities of daily living (Mobility questionnaire and change in Nottingham EADL, combined) After intervention · stroke survivors with visual field defects Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke (2019) · Cochrane | SMD 0.49 | 2 studies · 97 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings: Compensative interventions vs control Reading ability (Reading speed; various tests) After intervention · stroke survivors with visual field defects Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke (2019) · Cochrane | SMD 0.26 | 4 studies · 162 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: Compensative interventions vs control Falls · stroke survivors with visual field defects Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: Compensative interventions vs control Quality of life (National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI ‐ VFQ‐25) total score) After intervention · stroke survivors with visual field defects Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke (2019) · Cochrane | MD 9.36 [3.1, 15.62] | 2 studies · 96 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: Compensative interventions vs control Scanning ‐ cancellation (cancellation tests ‐ time to complete) After intervention · stroke survivors with visual field defects Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 97 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: Compensative interventions vs control Adverse events (number of participants with reported events during intervention period) · stroke survivors with visual field defects Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke (2019) · Cochrane | OR 5.18 | 2 studies · 108 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: Substitutive interventions vs control Functional ability in activities of daily living (Barthel Index) After 4 weeks of treatment · stroke survivors with visual field defects Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 39 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings: Substitutive interventions vs control Visual field (change in visual field area & change in error scores, from baseline) After intervention · stroke survivors with visual field defects Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke (2019) · Cochrane | SMD 0.12 [0.44, 1.8] | 2 studies · 85 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings: Substitutive interventions vs control Extended activities of daily living (Change in EADL from baseline; mobility improvement scores, in Logits) After intervention · stroke survivors with visual field defects Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke (2019) · Cochrane | SMD 0.2 | 2 studies · 99 participants | Very low |