Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

331 questions · 336 findings · 74 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

No studies found 102 · 30.4%GRADE not reported 30 · 8.9%Very low 76 · 22.6%Low 92 · 27.4%Moderate 31 · 9.2%High 5 · 1.5%

Calcium supplementation/fortification vs placebo or no intervention

Gestational age (preterm birth < 37 weeks) · healthy pregnant women receiving calcium supplementation vs placebo or no treatment

Calcium supplementation showed no clear difference in preterm birth (a) Birth prior to 37 weeks compared with placebo or no treatment (maternal outcomes) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Calcium supplementation/fortification vs placebo or no intervention

Preterm birth less than 34 weeks' gestation · healthy pregnant women receiving calcium supplementation vs placebo or no treatment

Calcium supplementation showed no clear difference in preterm birth (b) Birth prior to 34 weeks compared with placebo or no treatment (maternal outcomes) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Calcium supplementation/fortification vs placebo or no intervention

Low birthweight · healthy pregnant women receiving calcium supplementation vs placebo or no treatment

Calcium supplementation showed no clear difference in low birthweight (< 2500 g) compared with placebo or no treatment (maternal outcomes) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review