Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

493 questions · 506 findings · 45 reviews

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No studies found 137 · 27.1%GRADE not reported 26 · 5.1%Very low 101 · 20%Low 135 · 26.7%Moderate 78 · 15.4%High 29 · 5.7%

Sulthiame vs phenytoin

Other · participants with epilepsy (GTCS)

Sulthiame showed no clear difference in other compared with phenytoin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame monotherapy for epilepsy 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.4 [0.17, 11.59]
1 study · 146 participants
Low

Sulthiame vs placebo

All adverse effects · people with epilepsy

1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame monotherapy for epilepsy 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 100 participants
GRADE not reported

Sulthiame vs levetiracetam

Treatment withdrawal · participants with epilepsy (BECTS)

Sulthiame showed no clear difference in treatment withdrawal compared with levetiracetam (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame monotherapy for epilepsy 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.32 [0.1, 1.03]
1 study · 43 participants
Low

Sulthiame vs levetiracetam

Seizure freedom · participants with epilepsy (BECTS)

Sulthiame showed no clear difference in seizure freedom compared with levetiracetam (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame monotherapy for epilepsy 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.12 [0.88, 1.44]
1 study · 43 participants
Low

Sulthiame vs levetiracetam

Adverse effects (general symptoms) · participants with epilepsy (BECTS)

Sulthiame showed no clear difference in adverse effects (general symptoms) compared with levetiracetam (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame monotherapy for epilepsy 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.08 [0.76, 1.54]
1 study · 43 participants
Low

Sulthiame vs levetiracetam

Adverse effects (central nervous system) · participants with epilepsy (BECTS)

Sulthiame showed no clear difference in adverse effects (central nervous system) compared with levetiracetam (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame monotherapy for epilepsy 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.17 [0.77, 1.79]
1 study · 43 participants
Low

Sulthiame vs levetiracetam

Adverse effects (behaviour) · participants with epilepsy (BECTS)

Sulthiame showed no clear difference in adverse effects (behaviour) compared with levetiracetam (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame monotherapy for epilepsy 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.95 [0.59, 1.55]
1 study · 43 participants
Low

Sulthiame vs levetiracetam

Adverse effects (airways) · participants with epilepsy (BECTS)

Sulthiame may leads to higher adverse effects (airways) compared with levetiracetam (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame monotherapy for epilepsy 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.67 [1.17, 6.12]
1 study · 43 participants
Low

Carbamazepine vs phenytoin

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) All participants Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Carbamazepine showed no clear difference in time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment)All… compared with phenytoin (time to treatment failure) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carbamazepine versus phenytoin monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.94 [0.7, 1.26]
3 studies · 546 participants
Moderate

Carbamazepine vs phenytoin

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Carbamazepine showed no clear difference in time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment)… compared with phenytoin (time to treatment failure) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carbamazepine versus phenytoin monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.83 [0.61, 1.13]
3 studies · 428 participants
Moderate

Carbamazepine vs phenytoin

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) Subgroup: generalised onset seizures (tonic‐clonic only) Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Carbamazepine may leads to higher time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment)… compared with phenytoin (time to treatment failure) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carbamazepine versus phenytoin monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 2.38 [1.04, 5.47]
2 studies · 118 participants
Low

Carbamazepine vs phenytoin

Time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) All participants Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Carbamazepine showed no clear difference in time to first seizure after randomisationAll participants Range of compared with phenytoin (secondary outcomes) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carbamazepine versus phenytoin monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.15 [0.94, 1.4]
4 studies · 582 participants
Moderate

Carbamazepine vs phenytoin

Time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Carbamazepine showed no clear difference in time to first seizure after randomisation Subgroup: focal onset… compared with phenytoin (secondary outcomes) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carbamazepine versus phenytoin monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.13 [0.89, 1.43]
4 studies · 432 participants
Moderate

Time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) ‐ stratified by epilepsy type: generalised onset seizures (tonic‐clonic only) Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Carbamazepine showed no clear difference in time to first seizure after randomisationSubgroup: generalisedonset… compared with phenytoin (secondary outcomes) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carbamazepine versus phenytoin monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.19 [0.81, 1.75]
3 studies · 150 participants
Low

Carbamazepine vs phenytoin

Time to achieve 12‐month remissionAll participants Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Carbamazepine showed no clear difference in time to achieve 12‐month remissionAll participants Range of compared with phenytoin (secondary outcomes) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carbamazepine versus phenytoin monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1 [0.79, 1.26]
3 studies · 551 participants
Moderate

Carbamazepine vs phenytoin

Time to achieve 12‐month remission (seizure‐free period) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Carbamazepine showed no clear difference in time to achieve 12‐month remissionSubgroup: focal onset seizures… compared with phenytoin (secondary outcomes) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carbamazepine versus phenytoin monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.06 [0.8, 1.42]
3 studies · 430 participants
Moderate

Carbamazepine vs phenytoin

Time to 12‐month remission ‐ stratified by epilepsy type ‐ Generalized onset seizures (tonic‐clonic only) Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Carbamazepine showed no clear difference in time to achieve 12‐month remissionSubgroup: generalisedonset tonic… compared with phenytoin (secondary outcomes) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carbamazepine versus phenytoin monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.88 [0.58, 1.33]
2 studies · 121 participants
Low

Topiramate vs carbamazepine

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) All participants ‐ adjusted by seizure type Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Topiramate showed no clear difference in time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) All… compared with carbamazepine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topiramate versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.16 [0.97, 1.38]
2 studies · 1129 participants
Moderate

Topiramate vs carbamazepine

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Topiramate probably leads to higher time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment)Subgroup:… compared with carbamazepine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topiramate versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.21 [1.01, 1.46]
2 studies · 937 participants
Moderate

Topiramate vs carbamazepine

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) Subgroup: generalised onset tonic‐clonic seizures or unclassified epilepsy Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Topiramate showed no clear difference in time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment)… compared with carbamazepine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topiramate versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.88 [0.56, 1.39]
2 studies · 192 participants
Low