Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,587 questions · 5,761 findings · 495 reviews

No studies found 1,011 · 17.5%GRADE not reported 1,797 · 31.2%Very low 1,100 · 19.1%Low 1,052 · 18.3%Moderate 649 · 11.3%High 152 · 2.6%

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Antiretroviral therapy (any, including cART) vs No antiretroviral medication (treatment-naive)

Mucocele prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

No significant difference in mucocele between CLWH with and without ART (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Referral letter based on the common-sense model (CSM) of self-regulation vs Standard referral letter

Proportion of children with treated/untreated caries (receipt of dental care) · School children, primary schools in the USA

It is very uncertain whether referral letter based on the common-sense model (CSM) of… changes proportion of children with treated/untreated caries (receipt of… compared with standard referral letter (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Criteria-based screening with specific (personalised) referral letter vs Criteria-based screening with non-specific referral letter

Dental attendance at orthodontist · School children, secondary school in the UK (aged 11 to 13 years)

It is very uncertain whether criteria-based screening with specific (personalised) referral letter changes dental attendance at orthodontist compared with criteria-based screening with non-specific referral letter (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) vs Monotherapy or dual antiretroviral therapy

Dental development and maturation · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

No eligible studies compared dental development and maturation between different ART regimens.

1 finding from 1 review

Antiretroviral therapy (any, including cART) vs No antiretroviral medication (treatment-naive)

Angular cheilitis prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

No significant difference in angular cheilitis between CLWH with and without ART (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antiretroviral therapy (any, including cART) vs No antiretroviral medication (treatment-naive)

Ulcerative stomatitis prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

Ulcerative stomatitis was significantly more prevalent in treatment-naive CLWH than in those on ART (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Living with HIV and undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART/HAART) vs Healthy HIV-negative controls

Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis/periodontitis (WHO clinical stage 3) · Children or adolescents

No eligible studies reported acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis/periodontitis.

1 finding from 1 review

Living with HIV and undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART/HAART) vs Healthy HIV-negative controls

Chronic herpes simplex infection (WHO clinical stage 4) · Children or adolescents

No eligible studies reported chronic herpes simplex infection.

1 finding from 1 review

Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) vs Monotherapy or dual antiretroviral therapy

Acute necrotising ulcerative periodontitis prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

No significant difference in acute necrotising ulcerative periodontitis between ART regimens (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Referral letter based on the common-sense model (CSM) plus dental information guide (DIG) vs Referral letter based on the common-sense model (CSM) alone

Proportion of children with treated/untreated caries (receipt of dental care) · School children, primary schools in the USA

It is very uncertain whether referral letter based on the common-sense model (CSM) plus dental… changes proportion of children with treated/untreated caries (receipt of… compared with referral letter based on the common-sense model (CSM) alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antiretroviral therapy (any, including cART) vs No antiretroviral medication (treatment-naive)

Periodontal disease prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

ART was not associated with a significant difference in periodontal disease prevalence among CLWH (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antiretroviral therapy (any, including cART) vs No antiretroviral medication (treatment-naive)

Kaposi's sarcoma prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

Kaposi's sarcoma was significantly more prevalent in treatment-naive CLWH than in those on ART (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) vs Monotherapy or dual antiretroviral therapy

Kaposi's sarcoma prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

No significant difference in kaposi's sarcoma between ART regimens (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Traditional screening (referral card given if the inspecting dentist judges the child needs to see a dentist) vs No screening

Malocclusion or orthodontic treatment needs measured by any validated index · School children (aged 4 to 15 years), primary and secondary schools in the UK and India

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) vs Monotherapy or dual antiretroviral therapy

Linear gingival erythema prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

No significant difference in linear gingival erythema between ART regimens (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Living with HIV and undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART/HAART) vs Healthy HIV-negative controls

Persistent parotid enlargement (WHO clinical stage 2) · Children or adolescents

No significant difference in persistent parotid enlargement between groups (OR 10.36, 95% CI 0.53 to 201.45; single study, very imprecise).

1 finding from 1 review

Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) vs Monotherapy or dual antiretroviral therapy

Chronic herpes simplex infection prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

No significant difference in chronic herpes simplex infection between ART regimens (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review