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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,521 questions in 132 reviews · Hepato-Biliary
current versionsNo studies 303 · 19.9%Ungraded 39 · 2.6%Very low 876 · 57.6%Low 216 · 14.2%Moderate 65 · 4.3%High 22 · 1.4%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Gemcitabine vs vandetanib Time to progression of the tumour · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gemcitabine vs vandetanib Grade 1 ‐ 4 anaemia · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | RR 7.38 [0.94, 58.05] | 1 study · 115 participants | Very low |
Gemcitabine plus cisplatin vs S‐1 plus cisplatin All‐cause mortality at 1 year · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.76 [0.58, 0.98] | 1 study · 96 participants | Very low |
Gemcitabine plus cisplatin vs S‐1 plus cisplatin Serious adverse events · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gemcitabine plus cisplatin vs S‐1 plus cisplatin Health‐related quality of life · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gemcitabine plus cisplatin vs S‐1 plus cisplatin Overall response rate · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.82 [0.37, 1.82] | 1 study · 88 participants | Very low |
Gemcitabine plus cisplatin vs S‐1 plus cisplatin Time to progression of the tumour · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gemcitabine plus cisplatin vs S‐1 plus cisplatin Grade 1 ‐ 4 anaemia · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | RR 11.27 [4.41, 28.83] | 1 study · 96 participants | Very low |
Gemcitabine plus S‐1 vs S‐1 All‐cause mortality at 1 year · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.61 [0.33, 1.13] | 2 studies · 151 participants | Very low |
Gemcitabine plus vandetanib vs vandetanib Serious adverse events · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.95 [0.52, 1.74] | 1 study · 117 participants | Very low |
Gemcitabine plus S‐1 vs S‐1 Serious adverse events · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.05 [0.15, 7.1] | 1 study · 90 participants | Very low |
Gemcitabine plus S‐1 vs S‐1 Health‐related quality of life · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gemcitabine plus S‐1 vs S‐1 Overall response rate · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | RR 2.46 [1.27, 4.75] | 2 studies · 140 participants | Very low |
Gemcitabine plus S‐1 vs S‐1 Time to progression of the tumour · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gemcitabine plus S‐1 vs S‐1 Grade 1 ‐ 4 anaemia · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.26 [1, 1.59] | 2 studies · 151 participants | Very low |
Gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin vs best supportive care All‐cause mortality at 1 year · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.78 [0.53, 1.15] | 1 study · 40 participants | Very low |
Gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin vs best supportive care Serious adverse events · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin vs best supportive care Health‐related quality of life · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin vs best supportive care Overall response rate · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | RR 34 [2.11, 547.54] | 1 study · 40 participants | Very low |
Gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin vs best supportive care Time to progression of the tumour · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gemcitabine plus vandetanib vs vandetanib Health‐related quality of life · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin vs 5‐fluorouracil plus folinic acid All‐cause mortality at 1 year · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.81 [0.55, 1.2] | 1 study · 41 participants | Very low |
Gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin vs 5‐fluorouracil plus folinic acid Serious adverse events · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin vs 5‐fluorouracil plus folinic acid Helath‐related quality of life · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin vs 5‐fluorouracil plus folinic acid Overall response rate · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | RR 2.15 [0.64, 7.29] | 1 study · 41 participants | Very low |
Gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin vs 5‐fluorouracil plus folinic acid Time to progression of the tumour · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin vs 5‐fluorouracil plus cisplatin plus radiotherapy All‐cause mortality at 1 year · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.56 [0.21, 1.52] | 1 study · 34 participants | Very low |
Gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin vs 5‐fluorouracil plus cisplatin plus radiotherapy Serious adverse events · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.5 [0.66, 3.39] | 1 study · 34 participants | Very low |
Gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin vs 5‐fluorouracil plus cisplatin plus radiotherapy Health‐related quality of life · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin vs 5‐fluorouracil plus cisplatin plus radiotherapy Overall response rate · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin vs 5‐fluorouracil plus cisplatin plus radiotherapy Time to progression of the tumour · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gemcitabine plus vandetanib vs vandetanib Overall response rate · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | RR 5.4 [1.25, 23.29] | 1 study · 113 participants | Very low |
Gemcitabine plus mitomycin C vs capecitabine plus mitomycin C All‐cause mortality at 1 year · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.14 [0.89, 1.48] | 1 study · 51 participants | Very low |
Gemcitabine plus mitomycin C vs capecitabine plus mitomycin C Serious adverse events · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gemcitabine plus mitomycin C vs capecitabine plus mitomycin C Health‐related quality of life · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gemcitabine plus mitomycin C vs capecitabine plus mitomycin C Overall response rate · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.65 [0.25, 1.72] | 1 study · 51 participants | Very low |
Gemcitabine plus mitomycin C vs capecitabine plus mitomycin C Time to progression of the tumour · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gemcitabine plus mitomycin C vs capecitabine plus mitomycin C Grade 1 ‐ 4 thrombocytopenia · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.56 [0.29, 1.06] | 1 study · 47 participants | Very low |
Gemcitabine plus vandetanib vs vandetanib Time to progression of the tumour · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gemcitabine plus vandetanib vs vandetanib Grade 1 ‐ 4 anaemia · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | RR 7.12 [0.9, 56.08] | 1 study · 117 participants | Very low |
Gemcitabine vs vandetanib All‐cause mortality at 1 year · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Gemcitabine vs vandetanib Serious adverse events · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.79 [0.41, 1.52] | 1 study · 115 participants | Very low |
Gemcitabine vs vandetanib Helath‐related quality of life · people with advanced biliary tract carcinomas Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract carcinomas (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
L‐ornithine L aspartate vs placebo or no intervention Mortality L‐ornithine L‐aspartate for prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.42 [0.24, 0.72] | 19 studies · 1489 participants | Very low |
L‐ornithine L‐aspartate vs lactulose Non‐serious adverse events assessed using ICH‐GCP · people with cirrhosis who had minimal or overt hepatic encephalopathy or who were at risk for developing hepatic… L‐ornithine L‐aspartate for prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.05 [0.01, 0.18] | 2 studies · 292 participants | Very low |
L‐ornithine L‐aspartate vs probiotic Mortality · people with cirrhosis who had minimal or overt hepatic encephalopathy or who were at risk for developing hepatic… L‐ornithine L‐aspartate for prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.01 [0.11, 9.51] | 2 studies · 143 participants | Very low |
L‐ornithine L‐aspartate vs probiotic Hepatic encephalopathy assessed based on neurocognitive manifestations · people with cirrhosis who had minimal or overt hepatic encephalopathy or who were at risk for developing hepatic… L‐ornithine L‐aspartate for prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.71 [0.56, 0.9] | 2 studies · 143 participants | Very low |
L‐ornithine L‐aspartate vs probiotic Serious adverse events assessed using ICH‐GCP · people with cirrhosis who had minimal or overt hepatic encephalopathy or who were at risk for developing hepatic… L‐ornithine L‐aspartate for prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.07 [0.23, 4.88] | 2 studies · 143 participants | Very low |
L‐ornithine L‐aspartate vs probiotic Quality of life assessed using questionnaires · people with cirrhosis who had minimal or overt hepatic encephalopathy or who were at risk for developing hepatic… L‐ornithine L‐aspartate for prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
L‐ornithine L‐aspartate vs probiotic Non‐serious adverse events assessed using ICH‐GCP · people with cirrhosis who had minimal or overt hepatic encephalopathy or who were at risk for developing hepatic… L‐ornithine L‐aspartate for prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |