Intervention not reported
Component · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Varenicline · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The intervention showed no clear difference in varenicline (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Cytisine · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The intervention showed no clear difference in cytisine (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Nicotine patch · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The intervention showed no clear difference in nicotine patch (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Fast‐acting NRT (nicotine other) · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The intervention showed no clear difference in fast‐acting NRT (nicotine other) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Nicotine EC · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The intervention showed no clear difference in nicotine EC (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Non‐nicotine/placebo EC · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Bupropion · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The intervention showed no clear difference in bupropion (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Nortriptyline · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Varenicline · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The intervention leads to higher varenicline (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Cytisine · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The intervention leads to higher cytisine (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Nicotine patch · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The intervention leads to higher nicotine patch (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Fast‐acting NRT (nicotine other) · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The intervention leads to higher fast‐acting NRT (nicotine other) (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Nicotine EC · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The intervention leads to higher nicotine EC (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Non‐nicotine/placebo EC · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The intervention showed no clear difference in non‐nicotine/placebo EC (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Bupropion · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The intervention leads to higher bupropion (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Nortriptyline · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The intervention probably leads to higher nortriptyline (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Death from all causes within 30 days of surgery · patients with symptomatic or asymptomatic carotid disease
Shunting showed no clear difference in death from all causes within 30 days of surgery compared with no shunting (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Stroke‐related death within 30 days of surgery (best‐case) · patients with symptomatic or asymptomatic carotid disease
Shunting may leads to lower stroke‐related death within 30 days of surgery (best‐case) compared with no shunting (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Stroke‐related death within 30 days of surgery (worst‐case) · patients with symptomatic or asymptomatic carotid disease
Shunting showed no clear difference in stroke‐related death within 30 days of surgery (worst‐case) compared with no shunting (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review