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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,695 questions · 4,979 findings · 433 reviews

No studies found 998 · 20%GRADE not reported 1,140 · 22.9%Very low 1,024 · 20.6%Low 1,029 · 20.7%Moderate 636 · 12.8%High 152 · 3.1%

Triclosan/copolymer-containing fluoride toothpaste vs Sodium fluoride (control) toothpaste

Adverse events · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    mean 1 week
    Adverse events: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for adverse events.
    0 studies
    No studies found

Hinokitiol gel vs Placebo gel

VSC: hydrogen sulphide · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

Hinokitiol gel showed no clear difference in VSC: hydrogen sulphide compared with placebo gel; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Cetylpyridinium chloride mouthwash vs Chlorhexidine + zinc mouthwash

Volatile sulphur compounds (VSC), halimeter · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

Cetylpyridinium chloride mouthwash showed no clear difference in volatile sulphur compounds (VSC) compared with chlorhexidine + zinc mouthwash; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Halita mouthrinse vs Perio-plus mouthrinse

Dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

It is very uncertain whether halita mouthrinse changes dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) compared with perio-plus mouthrinse (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

1000 mg champignon extract vs 50 mg champignon extract

Patient's family member-reported VAS score (scale 0 to 100) · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

1000 mg champignon extract showed no clear difference in patient's family member-reported VAS score (scale 0 to 100) compared with 50 mg champignon extract; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Herbal mouthwash vs Placebo mouthwash

Volatile sulphur compounds (VSC), halimeter · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

Herbal mouthwash led to lower volatile sulphur compounds (VSC) compared with placebo mouthwash; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Toothbrushing + tongue cleaning with a tooth-and-tongue gel (amine/stannous fluoride + zinc lactate) vs Toothbrushing with reference toothpaste (with or without tongue cleaning)

OLT, VSC and patient satisfaction scores · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Wilhelm 2012 (3-arm cross-over trial) compared toothbrushing with a reference toothpaste, with reference toothpaste plus tongue cleaning, and toothbrushing plus tongue cleaning with a tooth-and-tongue gel (OLT, VSC,…
    1 study
    GRADE not reported

Intramuscular ceftriaxone vs oral amoxicillin plus oral probenecid

Cure of gonococcal infection (microbiological culture) · pregnant women with gonorrhoea infection

It is very uncertain whether intramuscular ceftriaxone changes cure of gonococcal infection (microbiological culture) compared with oral amoxicillin plus oral probenecid (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intramuscular ceftriaxone vs oral amoxicillin plus oral probenecid

Adverse events including treatment‐related adverse events · pregnant women with gonorrhoea infection

It is very uncertain whether intramuscular ceftriaxone changes adverse events including treatment‐related adverse events compared with oral amoxicillin plus oral probenecid (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intramuscular ceftriaxone vs oral cefixime

Cure of gonococcal infection (microbiological culture) · pregnant women with gonorrhoea infection

It is very uncertain whether intramuscular ceftriaxone changes cure of gonococcal infection (microbiological culture) compared with oral cefixime (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs oral corticosteroid

Overall clinical improvement at long‐term · carpal tunnel syndrome
3 findings from 1 review