Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,808 questions · 8,953 findings · 827 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 1,891 · 21.1%GRADE not reported 380 · 4.2%Very low 2,100 · 23.5%Low 2,449 · 27.4%Moderate 1,684 · 18.8%High 449 · 5%

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IStent (or iStent inject) vs medical therapy

Proportion of participants who were drop‐free · open‐angle glaucoma

1 finding from 1 review

Ab interno trabecular bypass surgery with iStent for open‐angle glaucoma 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 286 participants
Very low

IStent (or iStent inject) vs medical therapy

Mean change in number of IOP‐lowering drops from baseline · open‐angle glaucoma

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ab interno trabecular bypass surgery with iStent for open‐angle glaucoma 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Mycophenolate mofetil vs IV cyclophosphamide

Death · patients with induction therapy in lupus nephritis

It is very uncertain whether mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) changes death compared with IV cyclophosphamide (CPA) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.12 [0.61, 2.06]
8 studies · 826 participants
Very low

Mycophenolate mofetil vs IV cyclophosphamide

ESKD · patients with induction therapy in lupus nephritis

It is very uncertain whether mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) changes ESKD compared with IV cyclophosphamide (CPA) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.71 [0.27, 1.84]
3 studies · 231 participants
Very low

Mycophenolate mofetil vs IV cyclophosphamide

Complete renal remission · patients with induction therapy in lupus nephritis

Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) showed no clear difference in complete renal remission compared with IV cyclophosphamide (CPA) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.17 [0.97, 1.42]
8 studies · 828 participants
Low

Mycophenolate mofetil vs IV cyclophosphamide

Partial renal remission · patients with induction therapy in lupus nephritis

Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) showed no clear difference in partial renal remission compared with IV cyclophosphamide (CPA) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.02 [0.89, 1.18]
9 studies · 868 participants
Low

Mycophenolate mofetil vs IV cyclophosphamide

Ovarian failure · patients with induction therapy in lupus nephritis

It is very uncertain whether mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) changes ovarian failure compared with IV cyclophosphamide (CPA) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.36 [0.06, 2.18]
3 studies · 539 participants
Very low

Mycophenolate mofetil vs IV cyclophosphamide

Major infection · patients with induction therapy in lupus nephritis

Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) showed no clear difference in major infection compared with IV cyclophosphamide (CPA) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.02 [0.67, 1.54]
6 studies · 699 participants
Low

Mycophenolate mofetil vs IV cyclophosphamide

Alopecia · patients with induction therapy in lupus nephritis

Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) probably leads to lower alopecia compared with IV cyclophosphamide (CPA) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.29 [0.19, 0.46]
3 studies · 622 participants
Moderate

Mycophenolate mofetil vs IV cyclophosphamide

Diarrhoea · patients with induction therapy in lupus nephritis

Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) probably leads to higher diarrhoea compared with IV cyclophosphamide (CPA) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.42 [1.64, 3.58]
4 studies · 609 participants
Moderate

Acupuncture vs psychological therapy

Depression (lower scores mean less depression) · clinical diagnosis of depression

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for depression 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 497 participants
Low

Acupuncture vs psychological therapy

Adverse events measured during study treatment · clinical diagnosis of depression

Acupuncture showed no clear difference in adverse events measured during study treatment compared with psychological therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for depression 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.62 [0.29, 1.33]
1 study · 453 participants
Low

Acupuncture vs psychological therapy

Physical quality of life · clinical diagnosis of depression

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for depression 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Acupuncture vs psychological therapy

Quality of life (emotional) · clinical diagnosis of depression

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for depression 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Gefitinib vs chemotherapy alone

Overall survival (OS) · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Gefitinib showed no clear difference in overall survival (OS) compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.98 [0.91, 1.46]
2 studies · 275 participants
Moderate
Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.02 [0.91, 1.15]
2 studies · 1607 participants
Moderate

Gefitinib vs chemotherapy alone

Neutropenia · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Gefitinib leads to lower neutropenia compared with chemotherapy (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.04 [0.02, 0.06]
4 studies · 1857 participants
High

Gefitinib vs chemotherapy alone

Febrile neutropenia · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Gefitinib leads to lower febrile neutropenia compared with chemotherapy (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.12 [0.06, 0.23]
3 studies · 1768 participants
High

Gefitinib vs chemotherapy alone

Progression‐free survival · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Gefitinib showed no clear difference in progression‐free survival (PFS) compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.19 [0.86, 1.65]
2 studies · 275 participants
Moderate
Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1.04 [0.92, 1.17]
2 studies · 1607 participants
Moderate

Gefitinib vs chemotherapy alone

Rash · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Gefitinib leads to higher skin rash compared with chemotherapy (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.4 [1.08, 5.31]
4 studies · 1858 participants
High

Gefitinib vs chemotherapy alone

Constipation · People with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Gefitinib leads to lower constipation compared with chemotherapy (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gefitinib for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.41 [0.17, 0.97]
3 studies · 1719 participants
High