Median days with hearing loss [3 months] · Children with otitis media with effusion
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
200 participants
Moderate
Hearing loss · Children with otitis media with effusion
Summary of findings: intranasal steroids showed no clear difference in hearing loss (Audiometry failing) [9 months]2 compared with control (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 1.17 [0.87, 1.58]
141 participants
Moderate
OME resolution at short‐term · Children with otitis media with effusion
Summary of findings: intranasal steroids showed no clear difference in OME resolution at short‐term compared with control (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
OME resolution at intermediate‐term · Children with otitis media with effusion
Summary of findings: intranasal steroids showed no clear difference in OME resolution at intermediate‐term compared with control (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
OME resolution at long‐term · Children with otitis media with effusion
Summary of findings: intranasal steroids probably leads to lower OME resolution at long‐term compared with control (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Symptoms · Children with otitis media with effusion
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse effects [3 months] · Children with otitis media with effusion
Summary of findings: intranasal steroids showed no clear difference in adverse effects [3 months] compared with control (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Death · patients with cholera
1 finding from 1 review
Symptomatic hyponatraemia · patients with cholera
1 finding from 1 review
Severe biochemical hyponatraemia (serum sodium < 125 mmol/L) · patients with cholera
ORS ≤ 270 mOsm/L (rice‐based) showed no clear difference in severe biochemical hyponatraemia(serum sodium < 125 mmol/L) compared with ORS ≥ 310 mOsm/L (glucose‐based) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hyponatraemia (< 130 mmol/L) · patients with cholera
ORS ≤ 270 mOsm/L (rice‐based) showed no clear difference in biochemical hyponatraemia(serum sodium < 130 mmol/L) compared with ORS ≥ 310 mOsm/L (glucose‐based) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of diarrhoea · patients with cholera
1 finding from 1 review
Stool output in first 24 hours after admission or randomization · patients with cholera
1 finding from 1 review
Need for unscheduled intravenous infusion · patients with cholera
ORS ≤ 270 mOsm/L (glucose‐based) showed no clear difference in need for unscheduled intravenous infusion compared with ORS ≥ 310 mOsm/L (glucose‐based) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Symptomatic hyponatraemia · patients with cholera
1 finding from 1 review
Hyponatraemia (< 130 mmol/L) · patients with cholera
ORS ≤ 270 mOsm/L (glucose‐based) probably leads to higher biochemical hyponatraemia (serum sodium < 130 mmol/L) compared with ORS ≥ 310 mOsm/L (glucose‐based) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Severe biochemical hyponatraemia (serum sodium < 125 mmol/L) · patients with cholera
ORS ≤ 270 mOsm/L (glucose‐based) showed no clear difference in severe biochemical hyponatraemia (serum sodium < 125 mmol/L) compared with ORS ≥ 310 mOsm/L (glucose‐based) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of diarrhoea · patients with cholera
1 finding from 1 review
Stool output in first 24 hours after admission or randomization · patients with cholera
1 finding from 1 review
Death · patients with cholera
1 finding from 1 review