Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,695 questions · 4,979 findings · 433 reviews

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No studies found 998 · 20%GRADE not reported 1,140 · 22.9%Very low 1,024 · 20.6%Low 1,029 · 20.7%Moderate 636 · 12.8%High 152 · 3.1%

Intravenous iron vs oral iron

QoL · people with preoperative anaemia awaiting major surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Iron therapy for preoperative anaemia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intravenous iron vs oral iron

Haemoglobin (g/dL) · people with preoperative anaemia awaiting major surgery

Intravenous iron therapy may leads to higher haemoglobin levels at end of preoperative treatment (g/dL) compared with oral iron therapy (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Iron therapy for preoperative anaemia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 1.23 [0.8, 1.65]
2 studies · 172 participants
Low
Iron therapy for preoperative anaemia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Present‐centered therapy vs trauma‐focused cognitive behavioral therapy

CAPS PTSD severity (post‐treatment) ‐ mean difference · adults aged ≥ 16 years with PTSD

1 finding from 1 review

Present‐centered therapy (PCT) for post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 607 participants
Low

Present‐centered therapy vs trauma‐focused cognitive behavioral therapy

PTSD severity (post‐treatment) ‐ standardized difference · adults aged ≥ 16 years with PTSD

1 finding from 1 review

Present‐centered therapy (PCT) for post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 1129 participants
Low

Present‐centered therapy vs trauma‐focused cognitive behavioral therapy

Dropout from treatment (a count of participants not meeting study‐defined completion threshold) · adults aged ≥ 16 years with PTSD

Present‐centered therapy probably leads to lower treatment dropout compared with trauma‐focused cognitive behavioral therapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Present‐centered therapy (PCT) for post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.58 [0.49, 0.69]
10 studies · 1542 participants
Moderate

Sublingual glucose vs oral (swallowed) glucose

Resolution of symptoms · children with hypoglycaemia associated with moderate clinical symptoms of acute malaria or moderate respiratory tract infections

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

First aid glucose administration routes for symptomatic hypoglycaemia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Buccal glucose vs oral (swallowed) glucose

Resolution of hypoglycaemia · healthy adults

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

First aid glucose administration routes for symptomatic hypoglycaemia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Buccal glucose vs oral (swallowed) glucose

Time to resolution of hypoglycaemia · healthy adults

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

First aid glucose administration routes for symptomatic hypoglycaemia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Buccal glucose vs oral (swallowed) glucose

Adverse events · healthy adults

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

First aid glucose administration routes for symptomatic hypoglycaemia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Buccal glucose vs oral (swallowed) glucose

Ease of administration/treatment delay · healthy adults

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

First aid glucose administration routes for symptomatic hypoglycaemia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Sublingual glucose vs oral (swallowed) glucose

Blood/plasma glucose concentrations at 20 minutes · children with hypoglycaemia associated with moderate clinical symptoms of acute malaria or moderate respiratory tract infections

1 finding from 1 review

First aid glucose administration routes for symptomatic hypoglycaemia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 42 participants
Very low

Sublingual glucose vs oral (swallowed) glucose

Resolution of hypoglycaemia · children with hypoglycaemia associated with moderate clinical symptoms of acute malaria or moderate respiratory tract infections

It is very uncertain whether sublingual glucose changes resolution of hypoglycaemia Definition: (a) within 20 minutes (b)… compared with oral (swallowed) glucose (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

First aid glucose administration routes for symptomatic hypoglycaemia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.26 [0.91, 1.74]
1 study · 42 participants
Very low

Sublingual glucose vs oral (swallowed) glucose

Time to resolution of hypoglycaemia · children with hypoglycaemia associated with moderate clinical symptoms of acute malaria or moderate respiratory tract infections

1 finding from 1 review

First aid glucose administration routes for symptomatic hypoglycaemia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 42 participants
Very low

Sublingual glucose vs oral (swallowed) glucose

Adverse events · children with hypoglycaemia associated with moderate clinical symptoms of acute malaria or moderate respiratory tract infections

1 finding from 1 review

First aid glucose administration routes for symptomatic hypoglycaemia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 42 participants
Very low

Sublingual glucose vs oral (swallowed) glucose

Delay in treatment · children with hypoglycaemia associated with moderate clinical symptoms of acute malaria or moderate respiratory tract infections

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

First aid glucose administration routes for symptomatic hypoglycaemia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Buccal glucose vs oral (swallowed) glucose

Resolution of symptoms · healthy adults

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

First aid glucose administration routes for symptomatic hypoglycaemia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Buccal glucose vs oral (swallowed) glucose

Blood/plasma glucose concentrations at 20 minutes · healthy adults

1 finding from 1 review

First aid glucose administration routes for symptomatic hypoglycaemia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 16 participants
Very low

Buccal glucose vs oral (swallowed) glucose

Increased blood glucose at 20 minutes · healthy adults

It is very uncertain whether buccal glucose changes increased blood glucose at 20 minutes compared with oral (swallowed) glucose (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

First aid glucose administration routes for symptomatic hypoglycaemia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.07 [0, 0.98]
1 study · 7 participants
Very low

Miswak (Salvadora persica) stick vs Chlorhexidine mouthwash

Patient self-assessment VAS (scale 0 to 10) · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

It is very uncertain whether miswak (Salvadora persica) stick changes patient self-assessment VAS (scale 0 to 10) compared with chlorhexidine mouthwash (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
mean 1 week
MD -0.26 [-1.16, 0.64]
1 study · 24 participants
Very low

Chlorine dioxide mouthrinse (with tongue scraping) vs Chlorhexidine mouthwash (with tongue scraping)

VSC: hydrogen sulphide · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

Chlorine dioxide mouthrinse (with tongue scraping) showed no clear difference in VSC: hydrogen sulphide compared with chlorhexidine mouthwash (with tongue scraping); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
1 week
MD -11.0 [-31.61, 9.61]
1 study · 22 participants
GRADE not reported