Patient satisfaction with abortion care overall ‐ not reported · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation
Summary of findings table ‐ Therapeutic ibuprofen 800 mg showed no clear difference in patient satisfaction with abortion care overall compared with prophylactic ibuprofen 800 mg women having medical abortion before… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Child health, functioning, and quality of life Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) · children with medical complexity
1 finding from 1 review
Parent health, functioning, and quality of life Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) (higher scores = more of the outcome of interest, which can mean improvement or deterioration depending on the outcome) · children with medical complexity
1 finding from 1 review
Child and family satisfaction with, and perceptions of, care and service delivery Family Experiences With Coordination of Care (FECC) survey (higher scores = better) Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) (higher scores = ... · children with medical complexity
1 finding from 1 review
ED visits · children with medical complexity
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of hospital admission (days) · children with medical complexity
1 finding from 1 review
Cost (healthcare-system perspective): total cost per patient (GBP) · children with medical complexity
1 finding from 1 review
Costs to the family · children with medical complexity
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Self-reported thirst · Elderly (>60 years) and medically compromised adults with xerostomia / dry mouth
Gum chewing reduced self-reported thirst in most studies (6 of 7 positive, 1 no effect); not meta-analyzed.
1 finding from 1 review
Salivary flow rate · Elderly (>60 years) and medically compromised adults with xerostomia / dry mouth
Across 19 studies the effect of gum chewing on stimulated and/or unstimulated salivary flow rate was mixed (9 positive, 10 no effect); this broad outcome was not meta-analyzed.
1 finding from 1 review
The effect of gum chewing on xerostomia and salivary flow rate in elderly and medically compromised subjects: a… 2023 All outcomesVarious (single session to 12 months) · Haemodialysis units, elderly / geriatric care, cancer and palliative care, and xerostomia / hyposalivation clinics (studies from multiple countries)
Narrative vote-count: of 19 studies measuring stimulated and/or unstimulated saliva flow rate, 9 found a positive effect of gum chewing [17,18,22,24,27,35,36,38,39] and 10 detected no effect…
19 studies
GRADE not reported
Oral mucosal moisture · Elderly (>60 years) and medically compromised adults with xerostomia / dry mouth
One small study found that chewing hard (but not soft) gum increased oral mucosal moisture.
1 finding from 1 review
Salivary flow rate (unstimulated) · Elderly (>60 years) and medically compromised adults with xerostomia / dry mouth
codex
1 finding from 1 review
Salivary flow rate (unstimulated) · Elderly (>60 years) and medically compromised adults with xerostomia / dry mouth
In elderly and medically compromised people with xerostomia, chewing sugar-free gum daily for two or more weeks produces a small but statistically significant increase in unstimulated whole salivary flow rate versus no gum (SMD 0.44, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.66); certainty of evidence was not formally graded.
1 finding from 1 review
Dry mouth (xerostomia) · Elderly (>60 years) and medically compromised adults with xerostomia / dry mouth
Gum chewing was linked with improved self-reported xerostomia / dry mouth in most studies (12 of 17 positive, 5 no effect); heterogeneous instruments precluded meta-analysis.
1 finding from 1 review
The effect of gum chewing on xerostomia and salivary flow rate in elderly and medically compromised subjects: a… 2023 All outcomesVarious (single session to 3 months) · Haemodialysis units, elderly / geriatric care, cancer and palliative care, and xerostomia / hyposalivation clinics (studies from multiple countries)
Narrative vote-count: of 17 studies measuring self-reported xerostomia / dry mouth, 12 found a positive effect of gum chewing [18,19,21,23,24,25,26,27,30,31,38,40] and 5 detected no effect [17,29,33,34,37]. No study…
17 studies
GRADE not reported
Functional ability: independence with activities of daily living at discharge from hospital · acutely hospitalised medical patients
1 finding from 1 review
Functional ability: new incidence of delirium during hospitalisation · acutely hospitalised older medical patients
It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Rehabilitation‐related activity… changes incidence of new delirium during hospitalisation compared with usual care with or without sham interventions (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Falls during hospitalisation · acutely hospitalised older medical patients
Summary of findings table ‐ Rehabilitation‐related activity… showed no clear difference in falls during hospitalisation compared with usual care with or without sham interventions; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life at discharge from hospital · acutely hospitalised older medical patients
1 finding from 1 review
Global assessment of treatment success · acutely hospitalised older medical patients
1 finding from 1 review
Functional ability: independence with activities of daily living at discharge from hospital · acutely hospitalised older medical patients
1 finding from 1 review