What do systematic reviews say?

Multidisciplinary disease management programmes vs usual care

Multidisciplinary disease management programmes probably leads to lower all‐cause mortality compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

• Disease management interventions for heart failure 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.67 [0.54, 0.83]
  8 studies · 1764 participants
  Moderate

Multidisciplinary disease management programmes vs usual care

Multidisciplinary disease management programmes may leads to lower HF readmissions compared with usual care (low certainty).

• Disease management interventions for heart failure 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.68 [0.5, 0.92]
  5 studies · 1108 participants
  Low

Multidisciplinary disease management programmes vs usual care

Multidisciplinary disease management programmes showed no clear difference in all‐cause readmissions compared with usual care (low certainty).

• Disease management interventions for heart failure 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.85 [0.71, 1.01]
  5 studies · 1152 participants
  Low

Multidisciplinary disease management programmes vs usual care

• Disease management interventions for heart failure 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 496 participants
  Moderate

Case management vs usual care

Case management may leads to lower all‐cause mortality compared with usual care (low certainty).

• Disease management interventions for heart failure 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.78 [0.68, 0.9]
  26 studies · 6903 participants
  Low

Multidisciplinary disease management programmes vs usual care

• Disease management interventions for heart failure 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 140 participants
  Very low

Multidisciplinary disease management programmes vs usual care

• Disease management interventions for heart failure 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 117 participants
  Low

Case management vs usual care

Case management probably leads to lower HF readmissions compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

• Disease management interventions for heart failure 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.64 [0.53, 0.78]
  12 studies · 2528 participants
  Moderate

Case management vs usual care

Case management showed no clear difference in all‐cause readmissions compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

• Disease management interventions for heart failure 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.92 [0.83, 1.01]
  14 studies · 4539 participants
  Moderate

Case management vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Disease management interventions for heart failure 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Case management vs usual care

• Disease management interventions for heart failure 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 1595 participants
  Very low

Case management vs usual care

• Disease management interventions for heart failure 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  11 studies · 2369 participants
  Low

Enalapril plus folic acid vs enalapril

Enalapril plus folic acid leads to lower stroke compared with enalapril (high certainty).

• Homocysteine‐lowering interventions for preventing cardiovascular events 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.79 [0.68, 0.93]
  1 study · 20702 participants
  High

Enalapril plus folic acid vs enalapril

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Homocysteine‐lowering interventions for preventing cardiovascular events 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Enalapril plus folic acid vs enalapril

Enalapril plus folic acid showed no clear difference in death from any cause compared with enalapril (high certainty).

• Homocysteine‐lowering interventions for preventing cardiovascular events 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.94 [0.81, 1.1]
  1 study · 20702 participants
  High

Enalapril plus folic acid vs enalapril

Enalapril plus folic acid showed no clear difference in serious adverse event (cancer) compared with enalapril (moderate certainty).

• Homocysteine‐lowering interventions for preventing cardiovascular events 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.96 [0.71, 1.31]
  1 study · 20243 participants
  Moderate

Enalapril plus folic acid vs enalapril

Enalapril plus folic acid showed no clear difference in myocardial infarction compared with enalapril (moderate certainty).

• Homocysteine‐lowering interventions for preventing cardiovascular events 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.04 [0.6, 1.82]
  1 study · 20702 participants
  Moderate

Education, self‐monitoring plus education, and decision aids vs usual care

• Educational and behavioural interventions for anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 69 participants
  Very low

Education, self‐monitoring plus education, and decision aids vs usual care

• Educational and behavioural interventions for anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 587 participants
  Low

Education, self‐monitoring plus education, and decision aids vs usual care

• Educational and behavioural interventions for anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 587 participants
  Low