Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,756 questions · 11,779 findings · 747 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 3,205 · 27.2%GRADE not reported 628 · 5.3%Very low 3,261 · 27.7%Low 2,913 · 24.7%Moderate 1,453 · 12.3%High 319 · 2.7%

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Modafinil vs placebo

Adverse events ( · people with a primary brain tumour

It is very uncertain whether boele 2013: modafinil changes adverse events ( compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of fatigue in adults with a primary brain tumour 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.79 [0.59, 13.16]
1 study · 37 participants
Very low

Laigle‐Donadey 2019: dexamfetamine sulfate vs placebo

Fatigue · people with a primary brain tumour

2 findings from 1 review

Interventions for the management of fatigue in adults with a primary brain tumour 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 41 participants
Very low
Interventions for the management of fatigue in adults with a primary brain tumour 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 41 participants
Very low

Laigle‐Donadey 2019: dexamfetamine sulfate vs placebo

Cognition Trail Making Test A · people with a primary brain tumour

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of fatigue in adults with a primary brain tumour 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 41 participants
Very low

Laigle‐Donadey 2019: dexamfetamine sulfate vs placebo

Cognition Trail Making Test B · people with a primary brain tumour

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of fatigue in adults with a primary brain tumour 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 41 participants
Very low

Self‐management training vs usual care

Self‐efficacy · people with CKD

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving health literacy in people with chronic kidney disease 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 417 participants
Low

Self‐management training vs usual care

QoL · people with CKD

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving health literacy in people with chronic kidney disease 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 1470 participants
Low

Self‐management training vs usual care

Death · people with CKD

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving health literacy in people with chronic kidney disease 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 89 participants
GRADE not reported

Self‐management training vs usual care

eGFR · people with CKD

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving health literacy in people with chronic kidney disease 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 855 participants
Moderate

Self‐management training vs usual care

Hospital admissions · people with CKD

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving health literacy in people with chronic kidney disease 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 285 participants
Low

Self‐management training vs usual care

Knowledge: kidney disease‐related knowledge · people with CKD

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving health literacy in people with chronic kidney disease 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 103 participants
Low

Self‐management training vs usual care

Self‐care behaviour · people with CKD

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving health literacy in people with chronic kidney disease 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 497 participants
Low

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) intervention vs no WASH intervention

Outcome (design) · children and adults

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene for preventing soil‐transmitted helminth infection 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) intervention vs no WASH intervention

Any STH prevalence · children and adults

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) intervention showed no clear difference in any STH prevalence compared with no WASH intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene for preventing soil‐transmitted helminth infection 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.86 [0.74, 1.01]
14 studies · 36055 participants
Moderate

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) intervention vs no WASH intervention

Ascaris lumbricoides prevalence · children and adults

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) intervention showed no clear difference in ascaris lumbricoides prevalence compared with no WASH intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene for preventing soil‐transmitted helminth infection 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.87 [0.73, 1.03]
11 studies · 25576 participants
Moderate

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) intervention vs no WASH intervention

Trichuris trichiura prevalence · children and adults

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) intervention showed no clear difference in trichuris trichiura prevalence compared with no WASH intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene for preventing soil‐transmitted helminth infection 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.94 [0.77, 1.14]
9 studies · 23981 participants
Low

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) intervention vs no WASH intervention

Hookworm prevalence · children and adults

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) intervention showed no clear difference in hookworm prevalence compared with no WASH intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene for preventing soil‐transmitted helminth infection 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.88 [0.75, 1.04]
9 studies · 24191 participants
Moderate

Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) intervention vs no WASH intervention

Strongyloides stercoralis prevalence · children and adults

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene for preventing soil‐transmitted helminth infection 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Family‐centred care vs control

Harms · Indigenous children aged < 5 years

1 finding from 1 review

Family‐centred interventions for Indigenous early childhood well‐being by primary healthcare services 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 2 participants
Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Pressure sensors in bed and chair vs usual care

Adverse events related to the use of physical restraints · older people in general hospital settings

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing and reducing the use of physical restraints of older people in general hospital settings 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Summary of findings table ‐ Pressure sensors in bed and chair vs usual care

Falls · older people in general hospital settings

Summary of findings table ‐ Pressure sensors in bed and chair showed no clear difference in falls compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing and reducing the use of physical restraints of older people in general hospital settings 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.33 [0.31, 5.79]
1 study · 180 participants
Low