Gap finder
Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,000 questions in 69 reviews · Urology
current versionsNo studies 196 · 19.6%Ungraded 33 · 3.3%Very low 198 · 19.8%Low 354 · 35.4%Moderate 206 · 20.6%High 13 · 1.3%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Naftopidil vs tamsulosin (alpha‐blocker) Urological symptom scores Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 12 studies · 965 participants | Moderate |
Naftopidil vs silodosin (alpha‐blocker) Sexual adverse events Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.15 [0.06, 0.42] | 4 studies · 348 participants | Moderate |
Naftopidil vs propiverine (anticholinergic) Urological symptom scores Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 37 participants | Low |
Naftopidil vs propiverine (anticholinergic) Quality of life Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 37 participants | Low |
Naftopidil vs propiverine (anticholinergic) Treatment withdrawals for any reasonc Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 37 participants | Ungraded |
Naftopidil vs propiverine (anticholinergic) Cardiovascular adverse eventsc Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 37 participants | Ungraded |
Naftopidil vs propiverine (anticholinergic) Sexual adverse eventsc Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 37 participants | Ungraded |
Naftopidil vs Eviprostat (phytotherapy) Urological symptom scores Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 49 participants | Moderate |
Naftopidil vs Eviprostat (phytotherapy) Quality of life Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 49 participants | Moderate |
Naftopidil vs Eviprostat (phytotherapy) Treatment withdrawals for any reason Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 49 participants | Very low |
Naftopidil vs Eviprostat (phytotherapy) Treatment withdrawals due to adverse events Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 49 participants | Very low |
Naftopidil vs tamsulosin (alpha‐blocker) Quality of life Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 11 studies · 878 participants | Low |
Naftopidil vs Eviprostat (phytotherapy) Cardiovascular adverse eventsc Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 49 participants | Ungraded |
Naftopidil vs Eviprostat (phytotherapy) Sexual adverse eventsc Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 49 participants | Ungraded |
Naftopidil vs tamsulosin (alpha‐blocker) Treatment withdrawals for any reason Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.92 [0.64, 1.34] | 8 studies · 668 participants | Low |
Naftopidil vs tamsulosin (alpha‐blocker) Cardiovascular adverse events Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.97 [0.52, 1.8] | 9 studies · 824 participants | Low |
Naftopidil vs tamsulosin (alpha‐blocker) Sexual adverse events Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.54 [0.24, 1.22] | 5 studies · 397 participants | Low |
Naftopidil vs silodosin (alpha‐blocker) Urological symptom scores Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 652 participants | Low |
Naftopidil vs silodosin (alpha‐blocker) Quality of life Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 652 participants | Low |
Naftopidil vs silodosin (alpha‐blocker) Treatment withdrawals for any reason Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.8 [0.52, 1.23] | 4 studies · 659 participants | Low |
Naftopidil vs silodosin (alpha‐blocker) Cardiovascular adverse events Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.98 [0.39, 2.44] | 5 studies · 808 participants | Low |
Alpha‐blockers vs standard therapy Stone clearance · adult patients presenting with symptoms of ureteral stone disease Alpha‐blockers as medical expulsive therapy for ureteral stones (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.45 [1.36, 1.55] | 67 studies · 10509 participants | Low |
Alpha‐blockers vs placebo Stone expulsion time · adult patients presenting with symptoms of ureteral stone disease Alpha‐blockers as medical expulsive therapy for ureteral stones (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 3240 participants | Low |
Alpha‐blockers vs placebo Pain episodes · adult patients presenting with symptoms of ureteral stone disease Alpha‐blockers as medical expulsive therapy for ureteral stones (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 215 participants | Low |
Alpha‐blockers vs placebo Dose of diclofenac (mg) · adult patients presenting with symptoms of ureteral stone disease Alpha‐blockers as medical expulsive therapy for ureteral stones (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 3576 participants | Low |
Alpha‐blockers vs placebo Hospitalisation · adult patients presenting with symptoms of ureteral stone disease Alpha‐blockers as medical expulsive therapy for ureteral stones (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.84 [0.48, 1.47] | 2 studies · 500 participants | Moderate |
Alpha‐blockers vs placebo Surgical intervention · adult patients presenting with symptoms of ureteral stone disease Alpha‐blockers as medical expulsive therapy for ureteral stones (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.93 [0.7, 1.24] | 5 studies · 1458 participants | High |
Alpha‐blockers vs standard therapy Major adverse events · adult patients presenting with symptoms of ureteral stone disease Alpha‐blockers as medical expulsive therapy for ureteral stones (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.25 [0.8, 1.96] | 18 studies · 3124 participants | Low |
Alpha‐blockers vs standard therapy Stone expulsion time · adult patients presenting with symptoms of ureteral stone disease Alpha‐blockers as medical expulsive therapy for ureteral stones (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 37 studies · 6031 participants | Low |
Alpha‐blockers vs standard therapy Pain episodes · adult patients presenting with symptoms of ureteral stone disease Alpha‐blockers as medical expulsive therapy for ureteral stones (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 15 studies · 1363 participants | Low |
Alpha‐blockers vs standard therapy Dose of diclofenac · adult patients presenting with symptoms of ureteral stone disease Alpha‐blockers as medical expulsive therapy for ureteral stones (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 14 studies · 4373 participants | Low |
Alpha‐blockers vs standard therapy Hospitalisation · adult patients presenting with symptoms of ureteral stone disease Alpha‐blockers as medical expulsive therapy for ureteral stones (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.51 [0.34, 0.77] | 13 studies · 1876 participants | Moderate |
Alpha‐blockers vs standard therapy Surgical intervention · adult patients presenting with symptoms of ureteral stone disease Alpha‐blockers as medical expulsive therapy for ureteral stones (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.74 [0.53, 1.02] | 19 studies · 3292 participants | Low |
Alpha‐blockers vs placebo Stone clearance · adult patients presenting with symptoms of ureteral stone disease Alpha‐blockers as medical expulsive therapy for ureteral stones (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.16 [1.07, 1.25] | 15 studies · 5787 participants | Moderate |
Alpha‐blockers vs placebo Major adverse events · adult patients presenting with symptoms of ureteral stone disease Alpha‐blockers as medical expulsive therapy for ureteral stones (2018) · Cochrane | RR 2.09 [1.13, 3.86] | 10 studies · 1650 participants | Moderate |
PDEI vs placebo IPSS‐total score Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 11 studies · 4293 participants | Low |
PDEI plus an alpha‐blocker vs PDEI alone IPSS‐total score Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 40 participants | Low |
PDEI plus an alpha‐blocker vs PDEI alone BPHII score Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PDEI plus an alpha‐blocker vs PDEI alone Adverse events Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PDEI + 5‐ARI vs 5‐ARI alone IPSS‐total score Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 695 participants | Moderate |
PDEI + 5‐ARI vs 5‐ARI alone BPHII score Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PDEI + 5‐ARI vs 5‐ARI alone Adverse events Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PDEI + 5‐ARI vs 5‐ARI alone IPSS‐total score Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 695 participants | Moderate |
PDEI + 5‐ARI vs 5‐ARI alone BPHII score Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PDEI + 5‐ARI vs 5‐ARI alone Adverse events Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.07 [0.84, 1.36] | 1 study · 695 participants | Low |
PDEI vs placebo BPHII score Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 3646 participants | Low |
PDEI vs placebo Adverse events Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.42 [1.21, 1.67] | 11 studies · 4386 participants | Low |
PDEI vs alpha‐blockers IPSS‐total score Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 933 participants | Moderate |
PDEI vs alpha‐blockers BPHII score Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 550 participants | Low |
PDEI vs alpha‐blockers Adverse events Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.35 [0.8, 2.3] | 4 studies · 786 participants | Low |