Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

461 questions · 475 findings · 59 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 112 · 23.6%GRADE not reported 13 · 2.7%Very low 66 · 13.9%Low 140 · 29.5%Moderate 112 · 23.6%High 32 · 6.7%

Antioxidants vs placebo

Reduction of TTM symptom severityMassachusetts General Hospital Hair‐Pulling Scale (MGH‐HPS) · children with trichotillomania
1 finding from 1 review

Sulthiame vs levetiracetam

Adverse effects (general symptoms) · participants with epilepsy (BECTS)

Sulthiame showed no clear difference in adverse effects (general symptoms) compared with levetiracetam (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carboplatin vs cisplatin chemotherapy

Overall survival (baseline risks for low‐ and high‐risk groups in the control arm were estimated at 1 year) · combination with third‐generation drugs for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Carboplatin showed no clear difference in overall survival (baseline risks for low‐ and high‐risk groups in… compared with cisplatin chemotherapy (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carboplatin vs cisplatin chemotherapy

Adverse events: neurotoxicity (grade 3/4) ( · combination with third‐generation drugs for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Carboplatin probably leads to higher grade III or IV neurotoxicity compared with cisplatin chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carboplatin vs cisplatin chemotherapy

Safety (AE, adverse drug reaction): thrombocytopenia Grades 3 or 4 according to National Cancer Institute · combination with third‐generation drugs for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Carboplatin probably leads to higher grade III or IV thrombocytopenia compared with cisplatin chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carboplatin vs cisplatin chemotherapy

Grade III or IV renal toxicity · combination with third‐generation drugs for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Carboplatin showed no clear difference in grade III or IV renal toxicity compared with cisplatin chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sodium valproate vs phenytoin monotherapy

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) All participants Range of · adults and children with newly‐onset focal onset or generalised tonic‐clonic seizures

Sodium valproate showed no clear difference in time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) All… compared with phenytoin monotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sodium valproate vs phenytoin monotherapy

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with newly‐onset focal onset or generalised tonic‐clonic seizures

Sodium valproate showed no clear difference in time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment)… compared with phenytoin monotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sodium valproate vs phenytoin monotherapy

Time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) All participants Range of · adults and children with newly‐onset focal onset or generalised tonic‐clonic seizures

Sodium valproate showed no clear difference in time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) All participants Range of compared with phenytoin monotherapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sodium valproate vs phenytoin monotherapy

Time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with newly‐onset focal onset or generalised tonic‐clonic seizures

Sodium valproate showed no clear difference in time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) Subgroup: focal onset… compared with phenytoin monotherapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sodium valproate vs phenytoin monotherapy

Remission · adults and children with newly‐onset focal onset or generalised tonic‐clonic seizures

Sodium valproate showed no clear difference in time to achieve 12‐month remission (seizure‐free period) All… compared with phenytoin monotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review