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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

665 questions · 683 findings · 44 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 254 · 37.2%GRADE not reported 21 · 3.1%Very low 148 · 21.7%Low 193 · 28.3%Moderate 61 · 8.9%High 6 · 0.9%

Acupuncture vs sham

Response (after treatment) · people with episodic migraine

Acupuncture probably leads to higher response (after treatment) compared with sham interventions (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs sham

Adverse effects (drop‐outs due to adverse effects4) · people with episodic migraine

Acupuncture showed no clear difference in number of participants dropping out due to adverse effects compared with sham interventions (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs STANDARD DOSE ANTIPSYCHOTICS

Global state: not improved ‐ short‐term GAF · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether ACUPUNCTURE changes global state: Not improved (talk, behaviour and expression still… compared with STANDARD DOSE ANTIPSYCHOTICS (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs STANDARD DOSE ANTIPSYCHOTICS

Adverse effects: any observed extrapyramidal symptoms ‐ short term (up to 6 months) · patients with schizophrenia

ACUPUNCTURE may leads to lower adverse effects: Extrapyramidal symptoms (short‐term) compared with STANDARD DOSE ANTIPSYCHOTICS (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs TCM DRUG

Clinical response: no clinically significant response in mental state · patients with schizophrenia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs TCM DRUG

Behaviour: Leaving the study early (short‐term) · patients with schizophrenia
1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs TCM DRUG

Service outcomes: Hospitalisation · patients with schizophrenia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs TCM DRUG

Adverse effects: Clinically important general adverse effect (no data) · patients with schizophrenia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs TCM DRUG

Quality of life: No clinically important change in quality of life · patients with schizophrenia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs TCM DRUG

Economic outcomes: Cost of care · patients with schizophrenia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review