Intervention not reported
Nicotine EC · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The intervention leads to higher nicotine EC (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Non‐nicotine/placebo EC · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The intervention showed no clear difference in non‐nicotine/placebo EC (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Bupropion · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The intervention leads to higher bupropion (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Nortriptyline · adults (aged ≥ 18 years) who smoked cigarettes Components: components of pharmacological and e‐cigarette (EC) interventions for smoking…
The intervention probably leads to higher nortriptyline (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Total mortality · adults with hypertension (patients with atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, pre‐eclampsia or pulmonary hypertension were…
Aspirin showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cardiovascular mortality · adults with hypertension (patients with atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, pre‐eclampsia or pulmonary hypertension were…
Aspirin showed no clear difference in cardiovascular mortality compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Non‐fatal cardiovascular events · adults with hypertension (patients with atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, pre‐eclampsia or pulmonary hypertension were…
Aspirin may leads to lower non‐fatal cardiovascular events compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Major bleedinga · adults with hypertension (patients with atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, pre‐eclampsia or pulmonary hypertension were…
Aspirin leads to higher major bleedinga compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cardiovascular events · adults with hypertension (patients with atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, pre‐eclampsia or pulmonary hypertension were…
Aspirin may leads to lower all cardiovascular events compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pain(measured as proportion with pain) · children with asymptomatic flat feet
Custom foot orthoses showed no clear difference in pain(measured as proportion with pain) compared with prefabricated foot orthoses (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.93 [0.73, 1.18]
Studies not reported
Low
Function or disability · children with asymptomatic flat feet
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Quality of life · children with asymptomatic flat feet
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Treatment success (caries lesion arrest or restoration survival) · children with asymptomatic flat feet
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Withdrawals due to adverse events · children with asymptomatic flat feet
Custom foot orthoses showed no clear difference in withdrawal due to adverse events compared with prefabricated foot orthoses (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 1 [0.9, 1.12]
Studies not reported
Low
Adverse events · children with asymptomatic flat feet
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Serious adverse events · children with asymptomatic flat feet
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and flat feet
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low
Function or disability (measured on 0 to 100‐point FFI; 0 = no disability) · children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and flat feet
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low
QoL · children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and flat feet
2 findings from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low
Treatment success (measured on the 50FWT (seconds)) · children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and flat feet
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low