What do systematic reviews say?

Topical anesthetics vs placebo or no intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pharmacological interventions for the management of pain and discomfort during lumbar puncture in newborn infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Topical anesthetics vs placebo or no intervention

It is very uncertain whether topical anesthetics changes apnea: occurrence of one or more episodes№ of LPs: 100(1 quasi‐RCT) compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

• Pharmacological interventions for the management of pain and discomfort during lumbar puncture in newborn infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 3.24 [0.14, 77.79]
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Superselective neck dissection vs Elective selective neck dissection

• Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers: surgical treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Adverse events: no adverse events reported; 72 participants (2 RCTs).
  2 studies · 72 participants
  Very low

Superselective neck dissection vs Elective selective neck dissection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers: surgical treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Total mortality: not reported.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Light-emitting diode (LED) photobiomodulation vs Conventional orthodontic appliance treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐surgical adjunctive interventions for accelerating tooth movement in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Total number of orthodontic appliance adjustment appointments required during treatment stage | Not reported
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Supraomohyoid neck dissection vs Modified radical neck dissection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers: surgical treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Disease-free survival: not reported (Guo 2014 reported disease-specific survival, not a review outcome).
  0 studies
  No studies found

Sentinel node biopsy (neck dissection only if biopsy positive) vs Elective neck dissection

Sentinel node biopsy (neck dissection only if biopsy positive) showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with elective neck dissection (low certainty).

• Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers: surgical treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes

  3 years
  HR 1.00 [0.90, 1.11]
  1 study · 279 participants
  Low

Surgery plus radiotherapy vs Chemotherapy (chemoradiotherapy)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers: surgical treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes

  oral cavity
  Recurrence: not reported for the oral cancer subgroup (Iyer 2015).
  0 studies
  No studies found

Surgery vs Radiotherapy alone

Surgery showed no clear difference in disease-free survival (new disease, progression, and mortality) compared with radiotherapy alone (low certainty).

• Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers: surgical treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes

  3 years
  HR 1.07 [0.27, 4.22]
  1 study · 68 participants
  Low

Surgery vs Radiotherapy alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers: surgical treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Recurrence: not reported.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Light-emitting diode (LED) photobiomodulation vs Conventional orthodontic appliance treatment

It is very uncertain whether light-emitting diode (LED) photobiomodulation changes rate of orthodontic tooth movement during space closure stage… compared with conventional orthodontic appliance treatment (very low certainty).

• Non‐surgical adjunctive interventions for accelerating tooth movement in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Space closure (canine retraction)
  MD 0.006 [0, 0.02]
  1 study · 39 participants
  Very low

Low‐level laser therapy vs Conventional orthodontic appliance treatment

• Non‐surgical adjunctive interventions for accelerating tooth movement in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Abellan 2021 assessed OIIRR using CBCT after intrusion of maxillary molars; no evidence of significant increase or reduction with LLLT. Statistical test results not published.
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Superselective neck dissection vs Elective selective neck dissection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers: surgical treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Recurrence: outcome not reported in a usable way in either study.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Supraomohyoid neck dissection vs Modified radical neck dissection

• Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers: surgical treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Adverse events: significant difference in complication rates, lower for supraomohyoid (SOND 13.0% vs MRND 21.9%, P=0.040). UW-QOL at 1 year: supraomohyoid superior in pain relief (78.8% vs 75.2%, P=0.013) and shoulder…
  1 study · 332 participants
  Very low

Elective neck dissection (at time of primary tumour resection) vs Therapeutic (delayed) neck dissection

Elective neck dissection (at time of primary tumour resection) probably leads to lower locoregional recurrence compared with therapeutic (delayed) neck dissection (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers: surgical treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes

  3 years
  HR 0.58 [0.43, 0.78]
  4 studies · 458 participants
  Moderate

Supraomohyoid neck dissection vs Modified radical neck dissection

• Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers: surgical treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Total mortality: reported but not usable (Guo 2014: during follow-up 113/322 (35.1%) died; SOND 53, MRND 60). No GRADE rating.
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Elective radical (comprehensive) neck dissection vs Elective selective neck dissection

It is very uncertain whether elective radical (comprehensive) neck dissection changes recurrence compared with elective selective neck dissection (very low certainty).

• Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers: surgical treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes

  5 years
  RR 1.21 [0.63, 2.33]
  1 study · 143 participants
  Very low

Supraomohyoid neck dissection vs Modified radical neck dissection

• Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers: surgical treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Recurrence: reported but not usable (variable follow-up) (Guo 2014).
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Elective neck dissection (at time of primary tumour resection) vs Therapeutic (delayed) neck dissection

Elective neck dissection (at time of primary tumour resection) probably leads to lower mortality (overall survival) compared with therapeutic (delayed) neck dissection (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers: surgical treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes

  3 years
  HR 0.64 [0.50, 0.83]
  4 studies · 883 participants
  Moderate

Sentinel node biopsy (neck dissection only if biopsy positive) vs Elective neck dissection

Sentinel node biopsy (neck dissection only if biopsy positive) showed no clear difference in disease-free survival (new disease, progression, and mortality) compared with elective neck dissection (low certainty).

• Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers: surgical treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes

  3 years
  HR 0.98 [0.90, 1.07]
  1 study · 279 participants
  Low