Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,097 questions · 3,266 findings · 631 reviews

No studies found 430 · 13.2%GRADE not reported 193 · 5.9%Very low 995 · 30.5%Low 904 · 27.7%Moderate 591 · 18.1%High 153 · 4.7%

Intervention not reported

Incidence of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) (not measured) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

2a. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against diphtheria (surrogate outcome) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The intervention showed no clear difference in 2a. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against diphtheria… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

2b. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against tetanus (surrogate outcome) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The intervention showed no clear difference in 2b. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against tetanus… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

2c. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against pertussis (not measured) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

2d. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against Haemophilus influenzae type b disease (surrogate outcome) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The intervention showed no clear difference in 2d. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against Haemophilus… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Pain (not measured) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

4a. Procedural crying (during and immediately after the vaccination procedure) (not measured) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

2b. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against tetanus (surrogate outcome) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The intervention showed no clear difference in 2b. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against tetanus… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

4b. Persistent inconsolable crying4 · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes 4b. Persistent inconsolable crying4 (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Severe local reaction8 · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The intervention probably leads to lower severe local reaction8 (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Non‐severe local reaction11 · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The intervention probably leads to lower non‐severe local reaction11 (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Fever15 · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes fever15 (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

2c. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against pertussis (not measured) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

2d. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against Haemophilus influenzae type b disease (surrogate outcome) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The intervention probably leads to higher 2d. Adequate immune response (seroprotection) against Haemophilus… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Pain (not measured) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

4a. Procedural crying (during and immediately after the vaccination procedure) (not measured) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

4b. Persistent inconsolable crying4 · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes 4b. Persistent inconsolable crying4 (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Severe local reaction8 · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The intervention probably leads to lower severe local reaction8 (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Low tidal volume vs high tidal volume

All‐cause mortality · adults (aged > 16 years) without acute lung injury needing mechanical positive pressure ventilation during their surgery and undergoing…

Low tidal volume showed no clear difference in mortality compared with high tidal volume (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Low tidal volume vs high tidal volume

Pneumonia · adults (aged > 16 years) without acute lung injury needing mechanical positive pressure ventilation during their surgery and undergoing…

Low tidal volume probably leads to lower pneumonia compared with high tidal volume (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review