Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
1 finding from 1 review
Participant‐reported pain relief of 30% or greater · chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
1 finding from 1 review
Pain intensity (number of people with ≥ 50% improvement) · chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
1 finding from 1 review
Functional disability at 3 months ‐ not measured · chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life (Higher scores indicate improvement) · chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events · chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
1 finding from 1 review
Reduction in pain intensity · chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
It is very uncertain whether CBT changes pain intensity (number of people with ≥ 30 % improvement)… compared with TAU (at follow‐up) (very low certainty).
Pain intensity (number of people with ≥ 50% improvement) · chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Total studies: 42 Total participants: 14,626 · people with chronic pain Interventions: desvenlafaxine high dose (≥ 50 mg); duloxetine low dose (< 60 mg), standard dose (60 mg), and high…
The intervention led to lower total studies: 42 Total participants: 14,626; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
42 participants
GRADE not reported
Intervention not reported
Desvenlafaxine high dose RCTs: 2 Participants: 870 · people with chronic pain Interventions: desvenlafaxine high dose (≥ 50 mg); duloxetine low dose (< 60 mg), standard dose (60 mg), and high…
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
2 participants
Very low
Intervention not reported
Total studies: 50 Total participants: 14,926 · people with chronic pain Interventions: duloxetine low dose (< 60 mg), standard dose (60 mg), and high dose (> 60 mg); milnacipran…
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
50 participants
GRADE not reported
Intervention not reported
Duloxetine high dose RCTs: 14 Participants: 3683 · people with chronic pain Interventions: duloxetine low dose (< 60 mg), standard dose (60 mg), and high dose (> 60 mg); milnacipran…
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
14 participants
Low
Intervention not reported
Duloxetine standard dose RCTs: 18 Participants: 4959 · people with chronic pain Interventions: duloxetine low dose (< 60 mg), standard dose (60 mg), and high dose (> 60 mg); milnacipran…
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
18 participants
Moderate
Intervention not reported
Milnacipran high dose RCTs: 2 Participants: 1670 · people with chronic pain Interventions: duloxetine low dose (< 60 mg), standard dose (60 mg), and high dose (> 60 mg); milnacipran…
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
2 participants
Low
Intervention not reported
Milnacipran standard dose RCTs: 4 Participants: 1866 · people with chronic pain Interventions: duloxetine low dose (< 60 mg), standard dose (60 mg), and high dose (> 60 mg); milnacipran…
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
4 participants
Moderate
Intervention not reported
Total studies: 38 Total participants: 12,985 · people with chronic pain Interventions: duloxetine (all doses combined), milnacipran (all doses combined), mirtazapine (all doses…
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
38 participants
GRADE not reported
Intervention not reported
Mirtazapine RCTs: 1 Participants: 406 · people with chronic pain Interventions: duloxetine (all doses combined), milnacipran (all doses combined), mirtazapine (all doses…
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1 participants
Low
Intervention not reported
Duloxetine RCTs: 26 Participants: 7952 · people with chronic pain Interventions: duloxetine (all doses combined), milnacipran (all doses combined), mirtazapine (all doses…
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
26 participants
Moderate
Intervention not reported
Duloxetine standard dose RCTs: 16 Participants: 4490 · people with chronic pain Interventions: desvenlafaxine high dose (≥ 50 mg); duloxetine low dose (< 60 mg), standard dose (60 mg), and high…
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
16 participants
Moderate