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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
759 questions in 57 reviews · Colorectal
current versionsNo studies 91 · 12%Ungraded 12 · 1.6%Very low 209 · 27.5%Low 229 · 30.2%Moderate 160 · 21.1%High 58 · 7.6%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Glue vs suture Duration of operation (mins) · patients with recurrence and pain in Lichtenstein inguinal hernioplasty Mesh fixation with glue versus suture for chronic pain and recurrence in Lichtenstein inguinal hernioplasty (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 9 studies · 1790 participants | Low |
Glue vs suture Wound/superficial infection · patients with recurrence and pain in Lichtenstein inguinal hernioplasty Mesh fixation with glue versus suture for chronic pain and recurrence in Lichtenstein inguinal hernioplasty (2017) · Cochrane | OR 1.23 [0.37, 4.11] | 7 studies · 818 participants | Low |
Glue vs suture Mesh/deep infection · patients with recurrence and pain in Lichtenstein inguinal hernioplasty Mesh fixation with glue versus suture for chronic pain and recurrence in Lichtenstein inguinal hernioplasty (2017) · Cochrane | OR 0.67 [0.16, 2.83] | 8 studies · 1448 participants | Low |
Glue vs suture Haematoma · patients with recurrence and pain in Lichtenstein inguinal hernioplasty Mesh fixation with glue versus suture for chronic pain and recurrence in Lichtenstein inguinal hernioplasty (2017) · Cochrane | OR 0.52 [0.31, 0.86] | 10 studies · 1439 participants | Moderate |
Glue vs suture Recovery time to daily activities (days) · patients with recurrence and pain in Lichtenstein inguinal hernioplasty Mesh fixation with glue versus suture for chronic pain and recurrence in Lichtenstein inguinal hernioplasty (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 403 participants | Low |
Chromoscopy vs conventional colonoscopy Total polyps (neoplastic and non‐neoplastic) detected · people undergoing colonoscopy for the detection of polyps Chromoscopy versus conventional endoscopy for the detection of polyps in the colon and rectum (2016) · Cochrane | MD 0.89 [0.74, 1.04] | 7 studies · 2727 participants | Low |
Chromoscopy vs conventional colonoscopy Total neoplastic lesions · people undergoing colonoscopy for the detection of polyps Chromoscopy versus conventional endoscopy for the detection of polyps in the colon and rectum (2016) · Cochrane | MD 0.33 [0.25, 0.41] | 7 studies · 2727 participants | Low |
Chromoscopy vs conventional colonoscopy Number of participants with at least 1 polyp (neoplastic or non‐neoplastic) · people undergoing colonoscopy for the detection of polyps Chromoscopy versus conventional endoscopy for the detection of polyps in the colon and rectum (2016) · Cochrane | OR 1.87 [1.51, 2.3] | 4 studies · 1515 participants | Low |
Chromoscopy vs conventional colonoscopy Total participants with at least 1 neoplastic lesion · people undergoing colonoscopy for the detection of polyps Chromoscopy versus conventional endoscopy for the detection of polyps in the colon and rectum (2016) · Cochrane | OR 1.53 [1.31, 1.79] | 7 studies · 2727 participants | Low |
Chromoscopy vs conventional colonoscopy Number of diminutive neoplastic lesions · people undergoing colonoscopy for the detection of polyps Chromoscopy versus conventional endoscopy for the detection of polyps in the colon and rectum (2016) · Cochrane | MD 0.21 [0.1, 0.32] | 4 studies · 1409 participants | Low |
Chromoscopy vs conventional colonoscopy Participants with diminutive neoplastic lesions · people undergoing colonoscopy for the detection of polyps Chromoscopy versus conventional endoscopy for the detection of polyps in the colon and rectum (2016) · Cochrane | OR 1.51 [1.19, 1.92] | 4 studies · 1757 participants | Low |
Chromoscopy vs conventional colonoscopy Number of participants with 3 or more adenomas (in studies with single intubation) · people undergoing colonoscopy for the detection of polyps Chromoscopy versus conventional endoscopy for the detection of polyps in the colon and rectum (2016) · Cochrane | OR 4.63 [1.99, 10.8] | 2 studies · 519 participants | Low |
Chromoscopy vs conventional colonoscopy Adverse events · people undergoing colonoscopy for the detection of polyps Chromoscopy versus conventional endoscopy for the detection of polyps in the colon and rectum (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Change in core temperature (ºC) · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (core temperature) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 19 studies · 1100 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Day 1 pain score (0 to 10‐point VAS) · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (pain score) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 14 studies · 991 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Day 1 pain score: heated, humidified vs cold (abdominal) · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (pain score) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 10 studies · 670 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Day 1 pain score: heated, humidified vs cold (shoulder) · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (pain score) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 171 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Day 1 pain score: heated only vs cold · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (pain score) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 150 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Day 2 pain score · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (pain score) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 10 studies · 695 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Day 2 pain score: heated, humidified vs cold (abdominal) · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (pain score) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 442 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Day 2 pain score: heated, humidified vs cold (shoulder) · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (pain score) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 111 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Day 2 pain score: heated only vs cold · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (pain score) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 142 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Day 1 pain score for low risk of bias studies · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (pain score) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 570 participants | High |
Intervention NR Day 1 pain score for low risk of bias studies: heated, humidified vs cold (abdominal) · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (pain score) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 460 participants | High |
Intervention NR Change in core temperature: heated, humidified vs cold · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (core temperature) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 14 studies · 885 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Day 1 pain score for low risk of bias studies: heated, humidified vs cold (shoulder) · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (pain score) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 110 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Day 2 pain score for low risk of bias studies · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (pain score) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 380 participants | High |
Intervention NR Up to 6 h · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (morphine consumption) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 231 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Day 1 morphine · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (morphine consumption) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 9 studies · 573 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Day 1 morphine: heated, humidified vs cold · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (morphine consumption) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 481 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Day 1 morphine: heated only vs cold · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (morphine consumption) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 92 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Day 2 morphine · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (morphine consumption) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 532 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Day 2 morphine: heated, humidified vs cold · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (morphine consumption) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 410 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Day 2 morphine: heated only vs cold · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (morphine consumption) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 122 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Hospital stay (days) · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (hospital stay) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 10 studies · 685 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Change in core temperature: heated only vs cold · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (core temperature) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 215 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Hospital stay: heated, humidified vs cold · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (hospital stay) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 9 studies · 563 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Hospital stay: heated only vs cold · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (hospital stay) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 122 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Risk of bias not clear · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (hospital stay) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Recovery time (minutes) · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (recovery time) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 327 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Recovery time for low risk of bias studies · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (recovery time) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 277 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Times cleaned · Laparscopic abdominal surgery (lens fogging) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 341 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Operative time (minutes) · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (operative time) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 20 studies · 1318 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Operative time: heated, humidified vs cold · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (operative time) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 15 studies · 1033 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Operative time: heated only vs cold · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (operative time) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 285 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Change in core temperature for known low risk of bias studies · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (core temperature) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 10 studies · 653 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Change in core temperature for known low risk of bias studies: heated, humidified vs cold · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (core temperature) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 561 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Change in core temperature for low risk of bias studies: heated only vs cold · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (core temperature) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 92 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Change in core temperature with external warming · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (core temperature) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 545 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Change in core temperature without external warming · Laparoscopic abdominal surgery (core temperature) Heated insufflation with or without humidification for laparoscopic abdominal surgery (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 340 participants | Moderate |