Improvement in androgenic symptoms · Women with symptoms of PCOS
LOD showed no clear difference in improvement in androgenic symptoms at 6 months (hirsutism/acne) ‐… compared with medical interventions (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
OR 1 [0.42, 2.37]
Studies not reported
Low
Harms: GI Upset at 6 months ‐ LOD vs metformin + clomiphene N of participants: 332 (2 RCTs) Harms: OHSS rates at 6 months ‐ LOD vs gonadotrophins N of participants: 33 (1 RCT) · Women with symptoms of PCOS
LOD probably leads to lower harms: GI Upset at 6 months ‐ LOD vs metformin + clomiphene N of… compared with medical interventions (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
OR 0.05 [0.01, 0.36]
Studies not reported
Moderate
Intervention not reported
Non‐fatal macrovascular outcomes 1. Composite a. Intervention vs metformin [1a. 6 months to 4 years] b. Intervention vs thiazolidinediones [1b. 52 weeks to 4 years] c. Intervention vs meglitinide [1c. 12 months to 15 months]2. Non‐fatal myocardial... · participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus
The intervention may leads to lower non‐fatal macrovascular outcomes 1. Composite a. Intervention vs… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.67 [0.48, 0.93]
1 study · 3 participants
Low
Intervention not reported
Adverse events 1. All adverse events 2. Drop‐outs due to adverse events 3. Severe hypoglycaemia a. Intervention vs placebo [1a. 24 weeks] [2a. 24 weeks to 56 weeks] b. Intervention vs metformin [1b. 6 months to 4 years] [2b. 24 weeks to 4 years] [... · participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus
The intervention showed no clear difference in adverse events 1. All adverse events 2. Drop‐outs due to adverse… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.91 [0.51, 1.62]
1 study · 2 participants
Low
Intervention not reported
All‐cause mortality a. Intervention vs metformin [a. 24 weeks to 4 years] b. Intervention vs thiazolidinediones [b. 24 weeks to 4 years] c. Intervention vs insulin [c. 9 months to 10 years] d. Intervention vs incretin‐based control [d. 52 weeks to... · participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus
The intervention showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality a. Intervention vs metformin [a. 24 weeks to 4… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Cardiovascular mortality a. Intervention vs metformin [a. 24 weeks to 4 years] b. Intervention vs thiazolidinediones [b. 24 weeks to 4 years] c. Intervention vs insulin [c. 9 months to 10 years] d. Intervention vs meglitinide [d. 12 months to 17 m... · participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus
The intervention showed no clear difference in cardiovascular mortality a. Intervention vs metformin [a. 24 weeks… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hirsutism ‐ Clinical F‐G score · aAdult women with PCOS
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events ‐ Severe · aAdult women with PCOS
Oral contraceptive pill (OCP) may leads to lower adverse events ‐ Severe compared with metformin combined with OCP (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Minor adverse events · aAdult women with PCOS
Oral contraceptive pill (OCP) may leads to lower adverse events ‐ Minor compared with metformin combined with OCP (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Improved menstrual pattern · aAdult women with PCOS
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Acne ‐ Clinical acne score · aAdult women with PCOS
1 finding from 1 review
Body‐mass index (BMI) · aAdult women with PCOS
1 finding from 1 review
Hirsutism ‐ Clinical F‐G score · adolescent women with PCOS
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events ‐ Severe · adolescent women with PCOS
It is very uncertain whether oral contraceptive pill (OCP) changes adverse events ‐ Severe compared with metformin combined with OCP (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Minor adverse events · adolescent women with PCOS
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Improved menstrual pattern · adolescent women with PCOS
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Acne ‐ Visual analogue scale or Clinical acne score · adolescent women with PCOS
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Body‐mass index (BMI) · adolescent women with PCOS
1 finding from 1 review
Resumption of menstrual regularity · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive
1 finding from 1 review
Resumption of spontaneous ovulation · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found